425P/Kowalski
메타데이터
| 항목 |
값 |
| Designation |
425P/Kowalski |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2021-09-21T00:11:04.882560Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2024-02-01T00:43:56Z |
| Obs used |
427 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
7.100 |
| K1 |
20.500 |
| PC |
0.030 |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) |
2021-07-20T14:22:26.860800Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) |
20.36 w |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) |
F51 · Pan-STARRS 1, Haleakala |
Osculating 궤도요소
| 항목 |
값 |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2017-07-26.0000000 |
| e |
0.54240402 |
| q (au) |
2.901345 |
| a (au) |
6.340409 |
| i (deg) |
16.427088 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
210.335779 |
| ω (w, deg) |
200.221889 |
| M (ma, deg) |
266.286495 |
밝기
산란 + 전체 선형
$$
M_a = (11.353 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
모델 상수
| 항목 |
값 |
| H0 |
11.353 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.633 |
| k |
0.800 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| 파라미터 |
기호 |
범위 |
설명 |
| 태양·지구거리 1 AU에서의 절대등급 |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
혜성의 고유 밝기 |
| 광도 기울기 파라미터 |
n |
2 to 6 |
태양거리 변화에 따른 밝기 변화율 |
| 전방 산란 비대칭 계수 |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
전방 산란의 강도 |
| 후방 산란 비대칭 계수 |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
후방 산란의 강도 |
| 분할 계수 |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
전·후방 산란 기여도 비율 |
| 먼지/가스 밝기 비 |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
코마에서 먼지 산란 대비 가스 방출의 상대 기여 |
참고: EPSC-DPS2025-160
잔차 (구간 선형)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| 시작일 (UTC) |
끝 (UTC) |
a |
b |
| 2020-08-19 |
2021-09-16 |
+11.9451 |
-5.152 |
| 2021-09-30 |
2023-01-25 |
-3.5885 |
+1.530 |
log10 r = log10(태양거리/AU), Δ = 지구거리(AU)
천체력
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-02-03 00:00 |
13:30:52.88 |
-13:02:37.1 |
HIP 65949 |
24.81 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 |
13:30:51.82 |
-13:02:26.9 |
HIP 65949 |
25.03 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 |
13:30:50.65 |
-13:02:15.9 |
HIP 65949 |
25.27 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 |
13:30:49.35 |
-13:02:04.2 |
HIP 65949 |
25.53 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 |
13:30:47.94 |
-13:01:51.7 |
HIP 65949 |
25.81 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 |
13:30:46.40 |
-13:01:38.5 |
HIP 65949 |
26.11 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 |
13:30:44.75 |
-13:01:24.6 |
HIP 65949 |
26.44 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 |
13:30:42.98 |
-13:01:09.9 |
HIP 65949 |
26.79 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 |
13:30:41.08 |
-13:00:54.5 |
HIP 65949 |
27.17 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 |
13:30:39.07 |
-13:00:38.3 |
HIP 65949 |
27.57 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 |
13:30:36.94 |
-13:00:21.4 |
HIP 65949 |
28.00 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 |
13:30:34.69 |
-13:00:03.7 |
HIP 65949 |
28.45 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 |
13:30:32.31 |
-12:59:45.3 |
HIP 65949 |
28.94 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 |
13:30:29.83 |
-12:59:26.1 |
HIP 65949 |
29.45 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 |
13:30:27.22 |
-12:59:06.2 |
HIP 65949 |
29.99 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 |
13:30:24.49 |
-12:58:45.6 |
HIP 65949 |
30.56 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 |
13:30:21.65 |
-12:58:24.2 |
HIP 65949 |
31.16 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 |
13:30:18.69 |
-12:58:02.0 |
HIP 65949 |
31.80 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 |
13:30:15.61 |
-12:57:39.1 |
HIP 65949 |
32.46 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 |
13:30:12.41 |
-12:57:15.5 |
HIP 65724 |
32.42 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 |
13:30:09.10 |
-12:56:51.1 |
HIP 65724 |
31.53 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 |
13:30:05.66 |
-12:56:26.0 |
HIP 65724 |
30.61 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 |
13:30:02.12 |
-12:56:00.1 |
HIP 65724 |
29.67 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 |
13:29:58.45 |
-12:55:33.4 |
HIP 65724 |
28.69 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 |
13:29:54.67 |
-12:55:06.1 |
HIP 65724 |
27.69 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 |
13:29:50.78 |
-12:54:38.0 |
HIP 65724 |
26.65 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 |
13:29:46.77 |
-12:54:09.1 |
HIP 65724 |
25.59 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 |
13:29:42.65 |
-12:53:39.5 |
HIP 65724 |
24.51 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 |
13:29:38.41 |
-12:53:09.2 |
HIP 65724 |
23.40 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 |
13:29:34.06 |
-12:52:38.1 |
HIP 65724 |
22.26 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 |
13:29:29.60 |
-12:52:06.3 |
HIP 65724 |
21.10 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 |
13:29:25.02 |
-12:51:33.7 |
HIP 65724 |
19.92 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 |
13:29:20.33 |
-12:51:00.4 |
HIP 65724 |
18.71 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 |
13:29:15.53 |
-12:50:26.4 |
HIP 65724 |
17.49 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 |
13:29:10.62 |
-12:49:51.6 |
HIP 65724 |
16.26 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 |
13:29:05.60 |
-12:49:16.2 |
HIP 65724 |
15.01 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 |
13:29:00.47 |
-12:48:40.0 |
HIP 65724 |
13.76 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 |
13:28:55.23 |
-12:48:03.0 |
HIP 65724 |
12.51 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 |
13:28:49.89 |
-12:47:25.4 |
HIP 65724 |
11.28 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 |
13:28:44.43 |
-12:46:47.0 |
HIP 65724 |
10.08 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 |
13:28:38.87 |
-12:46:07.9 |
HIP 65724 |
8.95 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 |
13:28:33.21 |
-12:45:28.2 |
HIP 65724 |
7.93 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 |
13:28:27.44 |
-12:44:47.7 |
HIP 65724 |
7.08 |