メタデータ
| 項目 |
値 |
| Designation |
425P/Kowalski |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2021-09-21T00:11:04.882560Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2024-02-01T00:43:56Z |
| Obs used |
427 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
7.100 |
| K1 |
20.500 |
| PC |
0.030 |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) |
2021-07-20T14:22:26.860800Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) |
20.36 w |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) |
F51 · Pan-STARRS 1, Haleakala |
オスキュレーティング軌道要素
| 項目 |
値 |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2017-07-26.0000000 |
| e |
0.54240402 |
| q (au) |
2.901345 |
| a (au) |
6.340409 |
| i (deg) |
16.427088 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
210.335779 |
| ω (w, deg) |
200.221889 |
| M (ma, deg) |
266.286495 |
等級
散乱 + 全体線形
$$
M_a = (11.353 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
モデル定数
| 項目 |
値 |
| H0 |
11.353 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.633 |
| k |
0.800 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| パラメータ |
記号 |
範囲 |
説明 |
| 太陽・地球距離が1 AUのときの絶対等級 |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
彗星の固有の明るさ |
| 測光スロープパラメータ |
n |
2 to 6 |
太陽距離に対する明るさ変化率 |
| 前方散乱非対称係数 |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
前方散乱の強さ |
| 後方散乱非対称係数 |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
後方散乱の強さ |
| 分配係数 |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
前方/後方散乱の寄与比 |
| ダスト/ガス明るさ比 |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
ダスト散乱とガス放射の相対寄与 |
参考: EPSC-DPS2025-160
残差 (区間線形)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| 開始日 (UTC) |
終了日 (UTC) |
a |
b |
| 2020-08-19 |
2021-09-16 |
+11.9451 |
-5.152 |
| 2021-09-30 |
2023-01-25 |
-3.5885 |
+1.530 |
log10 r = log10(太陽距離/AU)、Δ = 地球距離(AU)
天体暦
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-05-12 00:00 |
13:04:03.82 |
-09:38:38.6 |
HIP 63573 |
35.25 |
| 2026-05-12 12:00 |
13:03:55.77 |
-09:37:25.8 |
HIP 63573 |
33.28 |
| 2026-05-13 00:00 |
13:03:47.81 |
-09:36:13.5 |
HIP 63573 |
31.38 |
| 2026-05-13 12:00 |
13:03:39.92 |
-09:35:01.7 |
HIP 63573 |
29.56 |
| 2026-05-14 00:00 |
13:03:32.12 |
-09:33:50.2 |
HIP 63573 |
27.82 |
| 2026-05-14 12:00 |
13:03:24.40 |
-09:32:39.2 |
HIP 63573 |
26.19 |
| 2026-05-15 00:00 |
13:03:16.77 |
-09:31:28.7 |
HIP 63573 |
24.66 |
| 2026-05-15 12:00 |
13:03:09.22 |
-09:30:18.7 |
HIP 63573 |
23.27 |
| 2026-05-16 00:00 |
13:03:01.75 |
-09:29:09.1 |
HIP 63573 |
22.02 |
| 2026-05-16 12:00 |
13:02:54.37 |
-09:28:00.0 |
HIP 63573 |
20.93 |
| 2026-05-17 00:00 |
13:02:47.08 |
-09:26:51.4 |
HIP 63573 |
20.04 |
| 2026-05-17 12:00 |
13:02:39.88 |
-09:25:43.2 |
HIP 63573 |
19.34 |
| 2026-05-18 00:00 |
13:02:32.77 |
-09:24:35.6 |
HIP 63573 |
18.87 |
| 2026-05-18 12:00 |
13:02:25.75 |
-09:23:28.5 |
HIP 63573 |
18.63 |
| 2026-05-19 00:00 |
13:02:18.81 |
-09:22:21.9 |
HIP 63573 |
18.62 |
| 2026-05-19 12:00 |
13:02:11.97 |
-09:21:15.8 |
HIP 63573 |
18.83 |
| 2026-05-20 00:00 |
13:02:05.22 |
-09:20:10.2 |
HIP 63573 |
19.25 |
| 2026-05-20 12:00 |
13:01:58.57 |
-09:19:05.1 |
HIP 63573 |
19.85 |
| 2026-05-21 00:00 |
13:01:52.00 |
-09:18:00.6 |
HIP 63573 |
20.63 |
| 2026-05-21 12:00 |
13:01:45.53 |
-09:16:56.7 |
HIP 63573 |
21.54 |
| 2026-05-22 00:00 |
13:01:39.16 |
-09:15:53.2 |
HIP 63486 |
19.81 |
| 2026-05-22 12:00 |
13:01:32.88 |
-09:14:50.4 |
HIP 63486 |
17.95 |
| 2026-05-23 00:00 |
13:01:26.69 |
-09:13:48.0 |
HIP 63486 |
16.11 |
| 2026-05-23 12:00 |
13:01:20.60 |
-09:12:46.3 |
HIP 63486 |
14.30 |
| 2026-05-24 00:00 |
13:01:14.61 |
-09:11:45.1 |
HIP 63486 |
12.51 |
| 2026-05-24 12:00 |
13:01:08.71 |
-09:10:44.4 |
HIP 63486 |
10.76 |
| 2026-05-25 00:00 |
13:01:02.91 |
-09:09:44.3 |
HIP 63486 |
9.04 |
| 2026-05-25 12:00 |
13:00:57.21 |
-09:08:44.8 |
HIP 63486 |
7.35 |
| 2026-05-26 00:00 |
13:00:51.61 |
-09:07:45.9 |
HIP 63486 |
5.72 |
| 2026-05-26 12:00 |
13:00:46.10 |
-09:06:47.6 |
HIP 63486 |
4.16 |
| 2026-05-27 00:00 |
13:00:40.70 |
-09:05:49.9 |
HIP 63486 |
2.76 |
| 2026-05-27 12:00 |
13:00:35.39 |
-09:04:52.7 |
HIP 63486 |
1.84 |
| 2026-05-28 00:00 |
13:00:30.19 |
-09:03:56.1 |
HIP 63486 |
2.09 |
| 2026-05-28 12:00 |
13:00:25.08 |
-09:03:00.2 |
HIP 63486 |
3.21 |
| 2026-05-29 00:00 |
13:00:20.07 |
-09:02:04.8 |
HIP 63486 |
4.58 |
| 2026-05-29 12:00 |
13:00:15.17 |
-09:01:10.0 |
HIP 63486 |
6.01 |
| 2026-05-30 00:00 |
13:00:10.36 |
-09:00:15.9 |
HIP 63486 |
7.45 |
| 2026-05-30 12:00 |
13:00:05.66 |
-08:59:22.4 |
HIP 63486 |
8.89 |
| 2026-05-31 00:00 |
13:00:01.06 |
-08:58:29.4 |
HIP 63486 |
10.30 |
| 2026-05-31 12:00 |
12:59:56.56 |
-08:57:37.1 |
HIP 63486 |
11.70 |
| 2026-06-01 00:00 |
12:59:52.16 |
-08:56:45.4 |
HIP 63486 |
13.08 |
| 2026-06-01 12:00 |
12:59:47.87 |
-08:55:54.4 |
HIP 63486 |
14.43 |
| 2026-06-02 00:00 |
12:59:43.68 |
-08:55:03.9 |
HIP 63362 |
15.29 |