P/2013 G1 (Kowalski)

메타데이터

항목
Designation P/2013 G1 (Kowalski)
Type P
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2013-12-10T22:58:42.029760Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-04-15T23:32:32Z
Obs used 261
NEO -
M1 13.400
K1 4.500
PC -
Osculating 궤도요소
항목
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2014-01-10.0000000
e 0.51239143
q (au) 3.353098
a (au) 6.876619
i (deg) 5.468623
Ω (om, deg) 221.484075
ω (w, deg) 51.239859
M (ma, deg) 1.642021

밝기

P/2013 G1 (Kowalski) · Magnitude (Full range)

산란 + 전체 선형

$$ M_a = (16.051 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

모델 상수

항목
H0 16.051
n 2.000
gf 1.000
gb -0.741
k 0.800
δ90 10.000
파라미터 기호 범위 설명
태양·지구거리 1 AU에서의 절대등급 H0 -5 to 20 혜성의 고유 밝기
광도 기울기 파라미터 n 2 to 6 태양거리 변화에 따른 밝기 변화율
전방 산란 비대칭 계수 gf 0.8 to 1 전방 산란의 강도
후방 산란 비대칭 계수 gb -1 to -0.5 후방 산란의 강도
분할 계수 k 0.8 to 1 전·후방 산란 기여도 비율
먼지/가스 밝기 비 δ90 1 to 10 코마에서 먼지 산란 대비 가스 방출의 상대 기여

참고: EPSC-DPS2025-160

잔차 (구간 선형)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

시작일 (UTC) 끝 (UTC) a b
2014-06-30 2014-12-10 -34.5222 +19.594

log10 r = log10(태양거리/AU), Δ = 지구거리(AU)

찾아보기

P/2013 G1 (Kowalski) · Next 30 Days

천체력

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-05-12 00:00 07:41:10.55 +16:12:09.2 HIP 37254 30.59
2026-05-12 12:00 07:41:18.98 +16:12:01.6 HIP 37254 32.60
2026-05-13 00:00 07:41:27.50 +16:11:53.8 HIP 37662 32.04
2026-05-13 12:00 07:41:36.10 +16:11:45.7 HIP 37662 30.02
2026-05-14 00:00 07:41:44.78 +16:11:37.2 HIP 37662 27.99
2026-05-14 12:00 07:41:53.53 +16:11:28.5 HIP 37662 25.96
2026-05-15 00:00 07:42:02.37 +16:11:19.4 HIP 37662 23.91
2026-05-15 12:00 07:42:11.29 +16:11:10.0 HIP 37662 21.87
2026-05-16 00:00 07:42:20.28 +16:11:00.3 HIP 37662 19.84
2026-05-16 12:00 07:42:29.36 +16:10:50.4 HIP 37662 17.81
2026-05-17 00:00 07:42:38.51 +16:10:40.1 HIP 37662 15.82
2026-05-17 12:00 07:42:47.73 +16:10:29.5 HIP 37662 13.87
2026-05-18 00:00 07:42:57.03 +16:10:18.5 HIP 37662 12.01
2026-05-18 12:00 07:43:06.41 +16:10:07.3 HIP 37662 10.29
2026-05-19 00:00 07:43:15.87 +16:09:55.8 HIP 37662 8.81
2026-05-19 12:00 07:43:25.39 +16:09:44.0 HIP 37662 7.72
2026-05-20 00:00 07:43:34.99 +16:09:31.8 HIP 37662 7.22
2026-05-20 12:00 07:43:44.67 +16:09:19.4 HIP 37662 7.46
2026-05-21 00:00 07:43:54.41 +16:09:06.7 HIP 37662 8.37
2026-05-21 12:00 07:44:04.23 +16:08:53.6 HIP 37662 9.79
2026-05-22 00:00 07:44:14.12 +16:08:40.2 HIP 37662 11.54
2026-05-22 12:00 07:44:24.08 +16:08:26.6 HIP 37662 13.51
2026-05-23 00:00 07:44:34.11 +16:08:12.6 HIP 37662 15.61
2026-05-23 12:00 07:44:44.21 +16:07:58.4 HIP 37797 14.80
2026-05-24 00:00 07:44:54.38 +16:07:43.8 HIP 37797 14.11
2026-05-24 12:00 07:45:04.61 +16:07:28.9 HIP 37797 13.81
2026-05-25 00:00 07:45:14.91 +16:07:13.7 HIP 37797 13.96
2026-05-25 12:00 07:45:25.28 +16:06:58.3 HIP 37797 14.53
2026-05-26 00:00 07:45:35.72 +16:06:42.5 HIP 37797 15.50
2026-05-26 12:00 07:45:46.22 +16:06:26.4 HIP 37797 16.81
2026-05-27 00:00 07:45:56.79 +16:06:10.0 HIP 37797 18.38
2026-05-27 12:00 07:46:07.42 +16:05:53.4 HIP 37797 20.16
2026-05-28 00:00 07:46:18.11 +16:05:36.4 HIP 37911 20.81
2026-05-28 12:00 07:46:28.87 +16:05:19.1 HIP 37911 21.51
2026-05-29 00:00 07:46:39.69 +16:05:01.5 HIP 37911 22.50
2026-05-29 12:00 07:46:50.58 +16:04:43.7 HIP 37911 23.75
2026-05-30 00:00 07:47:01.52 +16:04:25.5 HIP 38026 23.46
2026-05-30 12:00 07:47:12.53 +16:04:07.0 HIP 38026 22.41
2026-05-31 00:00 07:47:23.60 +16:03:48.3 HIP 38026 21.62
2026-05-31 12:00 07:47:34.73 +16:03:29.2 HIP 38026 21.15
2026-06-01 00:00 07:47:45.91 +16:03:09.9 HIP 38026 21.01
2026-06-01 12:00 07:47:57.16 +16:02:50.2 HIP 38026 21.21
2026-06-02 00:00 07:48:08.47 +16:02:30.3 HIP 38026 21.76