P/2013 G1 (Kowalski)

메타데이터

항목
Designation P/2013 G1 (Kowalski)
Type P
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2013-12-10T22:58:42.029760Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-04-15T23:32:32Z
Obs used 261
NEO -
M1 13.400
K1 4.500
PC -
Osculating 궤도요소
항목
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2014-01-10.0000000
e 0.51239143
q (au) 3.353098
a (au) 6.876619
i (deg) 5.468623
Ω (om, deg) 221.484075
ω (w, deg) 51.239859
M (ma, deg) 1.642021

밝기

P/2013 G1 (Kowalski) · Magnitude (Full range)

산란 + 전체 선형

$$ M_a = (16.051 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

모델 상수

항목
H0 16.051
n 2.000
gf 1.000
gb -0.741
k 0.800
δ90 10.000
파라미터 기호 범위 설명
태양·지구거리 1 AU에서의 절대등급 H0 -5 to 20 혜성의 고유 밝기
광도 기울기 파라미터 n 2 to 6 태양거리 변화에 따른 밝기 변화율
전방 산란 비대칭 계수 gf 0.8 to 1 전방 산란의 강도
후방 산란 비대칭 계수 gb -1 to -0.5 후방 산란의 강도
분할 계수 k 0.8 to 1 전·후방 산란 기여도 비율
먼지/가스 밝기 비 δ90 1 to 10 코마에서 먼지 산란 대비 가스 방출의 상대 기여

참고: EPSC-DPS2025-160

잔차 (구간 선형)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

시작일 (UTC) 끝 (UTC) a b
2014-06-30 2014-12-10 -34.5222 +19.594

log10 r = log10(태양거리/AU), Δ = 지구거리(AU)

찾아보기

P/2013 G1 (Kowalski) · Next 30 Days

천체력

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-03-26 00:00 07:35:03.99 +16:02:08.1 HIP 37019 21.03
2026-03-26 12:00 07:35:02.95 +16:02:27.2 HIP 37019 21.24
2026-03-27 00:00 07:35:02.02 +16:02:46.0 HIP 37019 21.44
2026-03-27 12:00 07:35:01.21 +16:03:04.6 HIP 37019 21.61
2026-03-28 00:00 07:35:00.51 +16:03:22.9 HIP 37019 21.76
2026-03-28 12:00 07:34:59.92 +16:03:41.0 HIP 37019 21.88
2026-03-29 00:00 07:34:59.45 +16:03:58.8 HIP 37019 21.99
2026-03-29 12:00 07:34:59.08 +16:04:16.4 HIP 37019 22.07
2026-03-30 00:00 07:34:58.83 +16:04:33.7 HIP 37019 22.13
2026-03-30 12:00 07:34:58.69 +16:04:50.8 HIP 37019 22.16
2026-03-31 00:00 07:34:58.66 +16:05:07.6 HIP 37019 22.17
2026-03-31 12:00 07:34:58.74 +16:05:24.2 HIP 37019 22.16
2026-04-01 00:00 07:34:58.93 +16:05:40.5 HIP 37019 22.13
2026-04-01 12:00 07:34:59.23 +16:05:56.6 HIP 37019 22.07
2026-04-02 00:00 07:34:59.65 +16:06:12.4 HIP 37019 21.99
2026-04-02 12:00 07:35:00.17 +16:06:27.9 HIP 37019 21.89
2026-04-03 00:00 07:35:00.81 +16:06:43.2 HIP 37019 21.76
2026-04-03 12:00 07:35:01.55 +16:06:58.3 HIP 37019 21.60
2026-04-04 00:00 07:35:02.41 +16:07:13.1 HIP 37019 21.43
2026-04-04 12:00 07:35:03.38 +16:07:27.6 HIP 37019 21.23
2026-04-05 00:00 07:35:04.45 +16:07:41.8 HIP 37019 21.01
2026-04-05 12:00 07:35:05.64 +16:07:55.8 HIP 37019 20.76
2026-04-06 00:00 07:35:06.94 +16:08:09.6 HIP 37019 20.49
2026-04-06 12:00 07:35:08.34 +16:08:23.0 HIP 37019 20.20
2026-04-07 00:00 07:35:09.86 +16:08:36.2 HIP 37019 19.89
2026-04-07 12:00 07:35:11.49 +16:08:49.2 HIP 37019 19.55
2026-04-08 00:00 07:35:13.22 +16:09:01.8 HIP 37019 19.19
2026-04-08 12:00 07:35:15.07 +16:09:14.2 HIP 37019 18.81
2026-04-09 00:00 07:35:17.02 +16:09:26.4 HIP 37019 18.41
2026-04-09 12:00 07:35:19.08 +16:09:38.2 HIP 37019 17.99
2026-04-10 00:00 07:35:21.25 +16:09:49.8 HIP 37019 17.55
2026-04-10 12:00 07:35:23.53 +16:10:01.1 HIP 37019 17.09
2026-04-11 00:00 07:35:25.92 +16:10:12.2 HIP 37019 16.60
2026-04-11 12:00 07:35:28.41 +16:10:22.9 HIP 37019 16.11
2026-04-12 00:00 07:35:31.01 +16:10:33.4 HIP 37019 15.59
2026-04-12 12:00 07:35:33.72 +16:10:43.6 HIP 37019 15.06
2026-04-13 00:00 07:35:36.54 +16:10:53.6 HIP 37019 14.52
2026-04-13 12:00 07:35:39.46 +16:11:03.2 HIP 37019 13.96
2026-04-14 00:00 07:35:42.49 +16:11:12.6 HIP 37019 13.40
2026-04-14 12:00 07:35:45.63 +16:11:21.7 HIP 37019 12.83
2026-04-15 00:00 07:35:48.87 +16:11:30.5 HIP 37019 12.26
2026-04-15 12:00 07:35:52.22 +16:11:39.0 HIP 37019 11.69
2026-04-16 00:00 07:35:55.68 +16:11:47.2 HIP 37019 11.13