104P/Kowal 2

메타데이터

항목
Designation 104P/Kowal 2
Type P
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2022-01-11T14:49:09.753600Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2023-04-05T03:16:58Z
Obs used 1551
NEO Yes
M1 14.600
K1 12.750
PC 0.030
Osculating 궤도요소
항목
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2021-09-29.0000000
e 0.66545272
q (au) 1.073098
a (au) 3.207614
i (deg) 5.701090
Ω (om, deg) 207.213526
ω (w, deg) 227.245888
M (ma, deg) 342.051208

밝기

104P/Kowal 2 · Magnitude (Full range)

산란 + 전체 선형

$$ M_a = (13.882 + 3.137\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

모델 상수

항목
H0 13.882
n 3.137
gf 1.000
gb -0.500
k 1.000
δ90 10.000
파라미터 기호 범위 설명
태양·지구거리 1 AU에서의 절대등급 H0 -5 to 20 혜성의 고유 밝기
광도 기울기 파라미터 n 2 to 6 태양거리 변화에 따른 밝기 변화율
전방 산란 비대칭 계수 gf 0.8 to 1 전방 산란의 강도
후방 산란 비대칭 계수 gb -1 to -0.5 후방 산란의 강도
분할 계수 k 0.8 to 1 전·후방 산란 기여도 비율
먼지/가스 밝기 비 δ90 1 to 10 코마에서 먼지 산란 대비 가스 방출의 상대 기여

참고: EPSC-DPS2025-160

잔차 (구간 선형)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

시작일 (UTC) 끝 (UTC) a b
2021-08-11 2021-11-29 +3.2064 +1.741
2021-11-29 2022-01-11 +71.5132 -3.914
2022-01-11 2022-07-20 -2.8823 -1.387

log10 r = log10(태양거리/AU), Δ = 지구거리(AU)

천체력

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-05-12 00:00 19:42:04.48 -14:58:02.1 HIP 96738 32.30
2026-05-12 12:00 19:42:01.46 -14:57:21.4 HIP 96738 31.45
2026-05-13 00:00 19:41:58.19 -14:56:41.4 HIP 96738 30.54
2026-05-13 12:00 19:41:54.67 -14:56:01.9 HIP 96738 29.59
2026-05-14 00:00 19:41:50.89 -14:55:23.1 HIP 96738 28.58
2026-05-14 12:00 19:41:46.86 -14:54:44.8 HIP 96738 27.53
2026-05-15 00:00 19:41:42.57 -14:54:07.2 HIP 96738 26.42
2026-05-15 12:00 19:41:38.04 -14:53:30.3 HIP 96738 25.26
2026-05-16 00:00 19:41:33.24 -14:52:53.9 HIP 96738 24.06
2026-05-16 12:00 19:41:28.19 -14:52:18.2 HIP 96738 22.80
2026-05-17 00:00 19:41:22.89 -14:51:43.1 HIP 96738 21.49
2026-05-17 12:00 19:41:17.33 -14:51:08.7 HIP 96738 20.13
2026-05-18 00:00 19:41:11.52 -14:50:35.0 HIP 96738 18.73
2026-05-18 12:00 19:41:05.44 -14:50:01.9 HIP 96738 17.29
2026-05-19 00:00 19:40:59.12 -14:49:29.4 HIP 96738 15.80
2026-05-19 12:00 19:40:52.53 -14:48:57.6 HIP 96738 14.28
2026-05-20 00:00 19:40:45.69 -14:48:26.5 HIP 96738 12.74
2026-05-20 12:00 19:40:38.59 -14:47:56.1 HIP 96738 11.19
2026-05-21 00:00 19:40:31.24 -14:47:26.3 HIP 96738 9.66
2026-05-21 12:00 19:40:23.63 -14:46:57.2 HIP 96738 8.20
2026-05-22 00:00 19:40:15.76 -14:46:28.8 HIP 96738 6.91
2026-05-22 12:00 19:40:07.64 -14:46:01.0 HIP 96738 5.94
2026-05-23 00:00 19:39:59.26 -14:45:34.0 HIP 96738 5.54
2026-05-23 12:00 19:39:50.63 -14:45:07.6 HIP 96738 5.89
2026-05-24 00:00 19:39:41.74 -14:44:42.0 HIP 96738 6.93
2026-05-24 12:00 19:39:32.60 -14:44:17.0 HIP 96738 8.45
2026-05-25 00:00 19:39:23.20 -14:43:52.7 HIP 96738 10.28
2026-05-25 12:00 19:39:13.54 -14:43:29.1 HIP 96738 12.31
2026-05-26 00:00 19:39:03.63 -14:43:06.2 HIP 96738 14.49
2026-05-26 12:00 19:38:53.47 -14:42:44.1 HIP 96557 16.06
2026-05-27 00:00 19:38:43.05 -14:42:22.6 HIP 96557 13.69
2026-05-27 12:00 19:38:32.38 -14:42:01.8 HIP 96557 11.34
2026-05-28 00:00 19:38:21.45 -14:41:41.8 HIP 96557 9.06
2026-05-28 12:00 19:38:10.27 -14:41:22.5 HIP 96557 6.99
2026-05-29 00:00 19:37:58.84 -14:41:03.8 HIP 96557 5.49
2026-05-29 12:00 19:37:47.16 -14:40:45.9 HIP 96557 5.18
2026-05-30 00:00 19:37:35.22 -14:40:28.7 HIP 96557 6.32
2026-05-30 12:00 19:37:23.04 -14:40:12.3 HIP 96557 8.39
2026-05-31 00:00 19:37:10.60 -14:39:56.5 HIP 96557 10.92
2026-05-31 12:00 19:36:57.91 -14:39:41.5 HIP 96557 13.70
2026-06-01 00:00 19:36:44.97 -14:39:27.2 HIP 96506 14.97
2026-06-01 12:00 19:36:31.79 -14:39:13.6 HIP 96506 16.39
2026-06-02 00:00 19:36:18.35 -14:39:00.8 HIP 96506 18.31