メタデータ
| 項目 |
値 |
| Designation |
99P/Kowal 1 |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2022-04-08T09:21:18.054720Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2024-08-26T13:15:15Z |
| Obs used |
1698 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
6.700 |
| K1 |
12.000 |
| PC |
0.030 |
オスキュレーティング軌道要素
| 項目 |
値 |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2014-12-29.0000000 |
| e |
0.22969880 |
| q (au) |
4.725879 |
| a (au) |
6.135105 |
| i (deg) |
4.337500 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
28.179464 |
| ω (w, deg) |
174.192344 |
| M (ma, deg) |
187.644015 |
等級
散乱 + 全体線形
$$
M_a = (3.594 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
モデル定数
| 項目 |
値 |
| H0 |
3.594 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
0.994 |
| gb |
-0.500 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| パラメータ |
記号 |
範囲 |
説明 |
| 太陽・地球距離が1 AUのときの絶対等級 |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
彗星の固有の明るさ |
| 測光スロープパラメータ |
n |
2 to 6 |
太陽距離に対する明るさ変化率 |
| 前方散乱非対称係数 |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
前方散乱の強さ |
| 後方散乱非対称係数 |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
後方散乱の強さ |
| 分配係数 |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
前方/後方散乱の寄与比 |
| ダスト/ガス明るさ比 |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
ダスト散乱とガス放射の相対寄与 |
参考: EPSC-DPS2025-160
残差 (区間線形)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| 開始日 (UTC) |
終了日 (UTC) |
a |
b |
| 2019-10-08 |
2022-04-08 |
+13.7752 |
-9.355 |
| 2022-04-08 |
2024-07-25 |
-7.7771 |
+5.047 |
log10 r = log10(太陽距離/AU)、Δ = 地球距離(AU)
天体暦
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-05-12 00:00 |
22:27:04.94 |
-13:46:48.8 |
HIP 110767 |
22.25 |
| 2026-05-12 12:00 |
22:27:14.92 |
-13:46:05.2 |
HIP 110941 |
21.06 |
| 2026-05-13 00:00 |
22:27:24.79 |
-13:45:22.2 |
HIP 110941 |
18.77 |
| 2026-05-13 12:00 |
22:27:34.53 |
-13:44:40.0 |
HIP 110941 |
16.56 |
| 2026-05-14 00:00 |
22:27:44.15 |
-13:43:58.5 |
HIP 110941 |
14.46 |
| 2026-05-14 12:00 |
22:27:53.66 |
-13:43:17.7 |
HIP 110941 |
12.50 |
| 2026-05-15 00:00 |
22:28:03.04 |
-13:42:37.7 |
HIP 110941 |
10.75 |
| 2026-05-15 12:00 |
22:28:12.30 |
-13:41:58.3 |
HIP 110941 |
9.30 |
| 2026-05-16 00:00 |
22:28:21.44 |
-13:41:19.7 |
HIP 110941 |
8.27 |
| 2026-05-16 12:00 |
22:28:30.46 |
-13:40:41.9 |
HIP 110941 |
7.80 |
| 2026-05-17 00:00 |
22:28:39.36 |
-13:40:04.8 |
HIP 110978 |
6.34 |
| 2026-05-17 12:00 |
22:28:48.13 |
-13:39:28.4 |
HIP 110978 |
4.67 |
| 2026-05-18 00:00 |
22:28:56.78 |
-13:38:52.7 |
HIP 110978 |
3.63 |
| 2026-05-18 12:00 |
22:29:05.30 |
-13:38:17.8 |
HIP 110978 |
3.74 |
| 2026-05-19 00:00 |
22:29:13.70 |
-13:37:43.7 |
HIP 110978 |
4.88 |
| 2026-05-19 12:00 |
22:29:21.98 |
-13:37:10.3 |
HIP 110978 |
6.50 |
| 2026-05-20 00:00 |
22:29:30.13 |
-13:36:37.6 |
HIP 110978 |
8.29 |
| 2026-05-20 12:00 |
22:29:38.15 |
-13:36:05.8 |
HIP 110978 |
10.16 |
| 2026-05-21 00:00 |
22:29:46.05 |
-13:35:34.6 |
HIP 110978 |
12.04 |
| 2026-05-21 12:00 |
22:29:53.82 |
-13:35:04.2 |
HIP 110978 |
13.92 |
| 2026-05-22 00:00 |
22:30:01.46 |
-13:34:34.6 |
HIP 110978 |
15.78 |
| 2026-05-22 12:00 |
22:30:08.98 |
-13:34:05.8 |
HIP 110978 |
17.62 |
| 2026-05-23 00:00 |
22:30:16.37 |
-13:33:37.7 |
HIP 110978 |
19.44 |
| 2026-05-23 12:00 |
22:30:23.63 |
-13:33:10.3 |
HIP 110978 |
21.23 |
| 2026-05-24 00:00 |
22:30:30.76 |
-13:32:43.8 |
HIP 111194 |
22.51 |
| 2026-05-24 12:00 |
22:30:37.76 |
-13:32:18.0 |
HIP 111194 |
21.68 |
| 2026-05-25 00:00 |
22:30:44.63 |
-13:31:52.9 |
HIP 111194 |
20.96 |
| 2026-05-25 12:00 |
22:30:51.38 |
-13:31:28.7 |
HIP 111234 |
19.46 |
| 2026-05-26 00:00 |
22:30:57.99 |
-13:31:05.2 |
HIP 111234 |
18.00 |
| 2026-05-26 12:00 |
22:31:04.47 |
-13:30:42.5 |
HIP 111234 |
16.60 |
| 2026-05-27 00:00 |
22:31:10.83 |
-13:30:20.5 |
HIP 111234 |
15.27 |
| 2026-05-27 12:00 |
22:31:17.05 |
-13:29:59.4 |
HIP 111234 |
14.01 |
| 2026-05-28 00:00 |
22:31:23.14 |
-13:29:39.0 |
HIP 111234 |
12.84 |
| 2026-05-28 12:00 |
22:31:29.10 |
-13:29:19.4 |
HIP 111234 |
11.77 |
| 2026-05-29 00:00 |
22:31:34.93 |
-13:29:00.6 |
HIP 111234 |
10.82 |
| 2026-05-29 12:00 |
22:31:40.62 |
-13:28:42.5 |
HIP 111234 |
10.00 |
| 2026-05-30 00:00 |
22:31:46.18 |
-13:28:25.2 |
HIP 111234 |
9.33 |
| 2026-05-30 12:00 |
22:31:51.61 |
-13:28:08.8 |
HIP 111234 |
8.84 |
| 2026-05-31 00:00 |
22:31:56.91 |
-13:27:53.1 |
HIP 111234 |
8.53 |
| 2026-05-31 12:00 |
22:32:02.07 |
-13:27:38.2 |
HIP 111234 |
8.41 |
| 2026-06-01 00:00 |
22:32:07.10 |
-13:27:24.1 |
HIP 111234 |
8.47 |
| 2026-06-01 12:00 |
22:32:11.99 |
-13:27:10.7 |
HIP 111234 |
8.70 |
| 2026-06-02 00:00 |
22:32:16.75 |
-13:26:58.2 |
HIP 111234 |
9.06 |