| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
428P/Gibbs |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2014-11-14T13:43:38.052480Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2023-05-03T22:44:57Z |
| Obs used |
130 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
11.700 |
| K1 |
22.750 |
| PC |
0.030 |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) |
2021-08-16T03:08:49.632000Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) |
20.00 T |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) |
Z84 · Calar Alto-Schmidt |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2017-07-29.0000000 |
| e |
0.51895674 |
| q (au) |
1.675591 |
| a (au) |
3.483245 |
| i (deg) |
8.514132 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
299.322409 |
| ω (w, deg) |
36.937480 |
| M (ma, deg) |
149.704035 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (14.349 + 5.458\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
14.349 |
| n |
5.458 |
| gf |
0.999 |
| gb |
-0.874 |
| k |
0.999 |
| δ90 |
9.999 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-03-26 00:00 |
12:44:03.02 |
-16:15:12.6 |
HIP 62211 |
18.98 |
| 2026-03-26 12:00 |
12:43:41.86 |
-16:13:34.6 |
HIP 62211 |
22.17 |
| 2026-03-27 00:00 |
12:43:20.63 |
-16:11:55.1 |
HIP 62211 |
26.08 |
| 2026-03-27 12:00 |
12:42:59.34 |
-16:10:14.3 |
HIP 62211 |
30.45 |
| 2026-03-28 00:00 |
12:42:37.99 |
-16:08:32.0 |
HIP 61866 |
27.61 |
| 2026-03-28 12:00 |
12:42:16.59 |
-16:06:48.5 |
HIP 61866 |
22.56 |
| 2026-03-29 00:00 |
12:41:55.14 |
-16:05:03.5 |
HIP 61866 |
17.72 |
| 2026-03-29 12:00 |
12:41:33.63 |
-16:03:17.3 |
HIP 61866 |
13.35 |
| 2026-03-30 00:00 |
12:41:12.09 |
-16:01:29.7 |
HIP 61866 |
10.11 |
| 2026-03-30 12:00 |
12:40:50.50 |
-15:59:40.9 |
HIP 61826 |
8.48 |
| 2026-03-31 00:00 |
12:40:28.88 |
-15:57:50.8 |
HIP 61826 |
3.90 |
| 2026-03-31 12:00 |
12:40:07.22 |
-15:55:59.5 |
HIP 61826 |
4.41 |
| 2026-04-01 00:00 |
12:39:45.54 |
-15:54:06.9 |
HIP 61826 |
9.23 |
| 2026-04-01 12:00 |
12:39:23.83 |
-15:52:13.1 |
HIP 61826 |
14.58 |
| 2026-04-02 00:00 |
12:39:02.10 |
-15:50:18.1 |
HIP 61826 |
20.06 |
| 2026-04-02 12:00 |
12:38:40.36 |
-15:48:21.9 |
HIP 61826 |
25.59 |
| 2026-04-03 00:00 |
12:38:18.60 |
-15:46:24.6 |
HIP 61562 |
24.33 |
| 2026-04-03 12:00 |
12:37:56.83 |
-15:44:26.2 |
HIP 61562 |
18.83 |
| 2026-04-04 00:00 |
12:37:35.06 |
-15:42:26.6 |
HIP 61562 |
13.38 |
| 2026-04-04 12:00 |
12:37:13.28 |
-15:40:26.0 |
HIP 61562 |
8.15 |
| 2026-04-05 00:00 |
12:36:51.51 |
-15:38:24.3 |
HIP 61562 |
4.07 |
| 2026-04-05 12:00 |
12:36:29.75 |
-15:36:21.5 |
HIP 61562 |
5.46 |
| 2026-04-06 00:00 |
12:36:07.99 |
-15:34:17.7 |
HIP 61533 |
10.15 |
| 2026-04-06 12:00 |
12:35:46.25 |
-15:32:13.0 |
HIP 61533 |
11.65 |
| 2026-04-07 00:00 |
12:35:24.53 |
-15:30:07.2 |
HIP 61533 |
15.22 |
| 2026-04-07 12:00 |
12:35:02.82 |
-15:28:00.5 |
HIP 61533 |
19.77 |
| 2026-04-08 00:00 |
12:34:41.15 |
-15:25:52.8 |
HIP 61533 |
24.77 |
| 2026-04-08 12:00 |
12:34:19.51 |
-15:23:44.3 |
HIP 61533 |
29.99 |
| 2026-04-09 00:00 |
12:33:57.89 |
-15:21:34.8 |
HIP 61533 |
35.33 |
| 2026-04-09 12:00 |
12:33:36.32 |
-15:19:24.5 |
HIP 61145 |
34.93 |
| 2026-04-10 00:00 |
12:33:14.79 |
-15:17:13.4 |
HIP 61145 |
32.97 |
| 2026-04-10 12:00 |
12:32:53.31 |
-15:15:01.4 |
HIP 61145 |
31.91 |
| 2026-04-11 00:00 |
12:32:31.87 |
-15:12:48.7 |
HIP 61152 |
31.11 |
| 2026-04-11 12:00 |
12:32:10.49 |
-15:10:35.2 |
HIP 61152 |
27.72 |
| 2026-04-12 00:00 |
12:31:49.16 |
-15:08:21.0 |
HIP 61152 |
25.13 |
| 2026-04-12 12:00 |
12:31:27.90 |
-15:06:06.0 |
HIP 61152 |
23.60 |
| 2026-04-13 00:00 |
12:31:06.71 |
-15:03:50.4 |
HIP 61152 |
23.34 |
| 2026-04-13 12:00 |
12:30:45.58 |
-15:01:34.2 |
HIP 61152 |
24.37 |
| 2026-04-14 00:00 |
12:30:24.53 |
-14:59:17.3 |
HIP 61152 |
26.55 |
| 2026-04-14 12:00 |
12:30:03.55 |
-14:56:59.8 |
HIP 61152 |
29.61 |
| 2026-04-15 00:00 |
12:29:42.66 |
-14:54:41.8 |
HIP 61152 |
33.30 |
| 2026-04-15 12:00 |
12:29:21.85 |
-14:52:23.2 |
HIP 60821 |
31.88 |
| 2026-04-16 00:00 |
12:29:01.13 |
-14:50:04.1 |
HIP 60821 |
27.12 |