40P/Vaisala 1
Metadata
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Designation | 40P/Vaisala 1 |
| Type | P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) | 2014-11-20T15:28:33.121920Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) | 2026-05-06T05:42:59Z |
| Obs used | 1190 |
| NEO | - |
| M1 | 11.500 |
| K1 | 13.750 |
| PC | 0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) | 2010-10-31.0000000 |
| e | 0.63184153 |
| q (au) | 1.804036 |
| a (au) | 4.900163 |
| i (deg) | 11.516351 |
| Ω (om, deg) | 134.668890 |
| ω (w, deg) | 47.233982 |
| M (ma, deg) | 225.372917 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$ M_a = (9.619 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$
Model Parameters
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| H0 | 9.619 |
| n | 6.000 |
| gf | 1.000 |
| gb | -0.500 |
| k | 1.000 |
| δ90 | 10.000 |
| Parameter | Symbol | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth | H0 | -5 to 20 | Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter | n | 2 to 6 | Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor | gf |
0.8 to 1 | Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor | gb |
-1 to -0.5 | Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient | k | 0.8 to 1 | Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio | δ90 | 1 to 10 | Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | a | b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-11-29 | 2026-02-25 | +11.8550 | -3.928 |
| 2026-02-25 | 2026-04-27 | -1.2333 | +0.957 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) | RA (J2000) | Dec (J2000) | Nearest HIP | Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-12 00:00 | 17:58:03.31 | -09:01:49.3 | HIP 88035 | 13.71 |
| 2026-05-12 12:00 | 17:57:48.83 | -09:01:43.7 | HIP 87841 | 16.25 |
| 2026-05-13 00:00 | 17:57:33.99 | -09:01:39.7 | HIP 87841 | 12.58 |
| 2026-05-13 12:00 | 17:57:18.77 | -09:01:37.3 | HIP 87841 | 8.84 |
| 2026-05-14 00:00 | 17:57:03.20 | -09:01:36.5 | HIP 87841 | 5.01 |
| 2026-05-14 12:00 | 17:56:47.27 | -09:01:37.3 | HIP 87841 | 1.27 |
| 2026-05-15 00:00 | 17:56:30.99 | -09:01:39.7 | HIP 87841 | 3.10 |
| 2026-05-15 12:00 | 17:56:14.36 | -09:01:43.9 | HIP 87841 | 7.15 |
| 2026-05-16 00:00 | 17:55:57.40 | -09:01:49.6 | HIP 87841 | 11.33 |
| 2026-05-16 12:00 | 17:55:40.09 | -09:01:57.1 | HIP 87841 | 15.60 |
| 2026-05-17 00:00 | 17:55:22.46 | -09:02:06.2 | HIP 87841 | 19.95 |
| 2026-05-17 12:00 | 17:55:04.50 | -09:02:17.0 | HIP 87841 | 24.39 |
| 2026-05-18 00:00 | 17:54:46.23 | -09:02:29.5 | HIP 87590 | 26.65 |
| 2026-05-18 12:00 | 17:54:27.64 | -09:02:43.7 | HIP 87545 | 22.96 |
| 2026-05-19 00:00 | 17:54:08.75 | -09:02:59.6 | HIP 87545 | 19.16 |
| 2026-05-19 12:00 | 17:53:49.56 | -09:03:17.3 | HIP 87545 | 15.81 |
| 2026-05-20 00:00 | 17:53:30.07 | -09:03:36.6 | HIP 87545 | 13.33 |
| 2026-05-20 12:00 | 17:53:10.30 | -09:03:57.7 | HIP 87545 | 12.35 |
| 2026-05-21 00:00 | 17:52:50.24 | -09:04:20.5 | HIP 87545 | 13.29 |
| 2026-05-21 12:00 | 17:52:29.91 | -09:04:45.1 | HIP 87545 | 15.87 |
| 2026-05-22 00:00 | 17:52:09.31 | -09:05:11.4 | HIP 87545 | 19.51 |
| 2026-05-22 12:00 | 17:51:48.46 | -09:05:39.4 | HIP 87545 | 23.77 |
| 2026-05-23 00:00 | 17:51:27.34 | -09:06:09.2 | HIP 87545 | 28.40 |
| 2026-05-23 12:00 | 17:51:05.98 | -09:06:40.7 | HIP 87239 | 29.59 |
| 2026-05-24 00:00 | 17:50:44.38 | -09:07:14.0 | HIP 87239 | 25.83 |
| 2026-05-24 12:00 | 17:50:22.54 | -09:07:49.0 | HIP 87239 | 22.72 |
| 2026-05-25 00:00 | 17:50:00.48 | -09:08:25.7 | HIP 87239 | 20.59 |
| 2026-05-25 12:00 | 17:49:38.19 | -09:09:04.2 | HIP 87239 | 19.81 |
| 2026-05-26 00:00 | 17:49:15.69 | -09:09:44.4 | HIP 87239 | 20.59 |
| 2026-05-26 12:00 | 17:48:52.98 | -09:10:26.4 | HIP 87239 | 22.81 |
| 2026-05-27 00:00 | 17:48:30.07 | -09:11:10.0 | HIP 87239 | 26.14 |
| 2026-05-27 12:00 | 17:48:06.96 | -09:11:55.4 | HIP 87101 | 24.89 |
| 2026-05-28 00:00 | 17:47:43.67 | -09:12:42.6 | HIP 87101 | 23.58 |
| 2026-05-28 12:00 | 17:47:20.20 | -09:13:31.4 | HIP 87101 | 23.64 |
| 2026-05-29 00:00 | 17:46:56.55 | -09:14:22.0 | HIP 87101 | 25.09 |
| 2026-05-29 12:00 | 17:46:32.74 | -09:15:14.3 | HIP 87101 | 27.76 |
| 2026-05-30 00:00 | 17:46:08.77 | -09:16:08.3 | HIP 87101 | 31.34 |
| 2026-05-30 12:00 | 17:45:44.64 | -09:17:04.0 | HIP 86884 | 33.12 |
| 2026-05-31 00:00 | 17:45:20.37 | -09:18:01.5 | HIP 86884 | 31.04 |
| 2026-05-31 12:00 | 17:44:55.96 | -09:19:00.6 | HIP 86734 | 29.42 |
| 2026-06-01 00:00 | 17:44:31.42 | -09:20:01.4 | HIP 86734 | 25.75 |
| 2026-06-01 12:00 | 17:44:06.76 | -09:21:03.8 | HIP 86734 | 23.16 |
| 2026-06-02 00:00 | 17:43:41.97 | -09:22:08.0 | HIP 86734 | 22.08 |