40P/Vaisala 1
Metadata
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Designation | 40P/Vaisala 1 |
| Type | P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) | 2014-11-23T02:16:00.575040Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) | 2026-03-31T13:32:07Z |
| Obs used | 1109 |
| NEO | - |
| M1 | 11.500 |
| K1 | 13.500 |
| PC | 0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) | 2009-12-21.0000000 |
| e | 0.63141556 |
| q (au) | 1.805938 |
| a (au) | 4.899658 |
| i (deg) | 11.520236 |
| Ω (om, deg) | 134.700187 |
| ω (w, deg) | 47.268553 |
| M (ma, deg) | 196.594011 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$ M_a = (9.590 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$
Model Parameters
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| H0 | 9.590 |
| n | 6.000 |
| gf | 1.000 |
| gb | -0.503 |
| k | 1.000 |
| δ90 | 10.000 |
| Parameter | Symbol | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth | H0 | -5 to 20 | Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter | n | 2 to 6 | Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor | gf |
0.8 to 1 | Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor | gb |
-1 to -0.5 | Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient | k | 0.8 to 1 | Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio | δ90 | 1 to 10 | Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | a | b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-11-29 | 2026-02-25 | +10.9982 | -3.635 |
| 2026-02-25 | 2026-03-24 | -1.1742 | +0.944 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) | RA (J2000) | Dec (J2000) | Nearest HIP | Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-03-26 00:00 | 17:48:29.46 | -10:27:00.5 | HIP 87177 | 10.83 |
| 2026-03-26 12:00 | 17:48:56.16 | -10:25:48.3 | HIP 87177 | 10.30 |
| 2026-03-27 00:00 | 17:49:22.44 | -10:24:35.7 | HIP 87256 | 6.94 |
| 2026-03-27 12:00 | 17:49:48.30 | -10:23:23.0 | HIP 87256 | 5.15 |
| 2026-03-28 00:00 | 17:50:13.75 | -10:22:10.0 | HIP 87256 | 9.34 |
| 2026-03-28 12:00 | 17:50:38.77 | -10:20:56.8 | HIP 87256 | 15.05 |
| 2026-03-29 00:00 | 17:51:03.38 | -10:19:43.4 | HIP 87256 | 20.99 |
| 2026-03-29 12:00 | 17:51:27.57 | -10:18:29.8 | HIP 87436 | 21.44 |
| 2026-03-30 00:00 | 17:51:51.33 | -10:17:16.1 | HIP 87436 | 18.73 |
| 2026-03-30 12:00 | 17:52:14.66 | -10:16:02.3 | HIP 87552 | 15.34 |
| 2026-03-31 00:00 | 17:52:37.58 | -10:14:48.4 | HIP 87552 | 11.23 |
| 2026-03-31 12:00 | 17:53:00.06 | -10:13:34.4 | HIP 87552 | 9.18 |
| 2026-04-01 00:00 | 17:53:22.12 | -10:12:20.4 | HIP 87552 | 10.29 |
| 2026-04-01 12:00 | 17:53:43.74 | -10:11:06.3 | HIP 87552 | 13.71 |
| 2026-04-02 00:00 | 17:54:04.94 | -10:09:52.2 | HIP 87552 | 18.08 |
| 2026-04-02 12:00 | 17:54:25.70 | -10:08:38.0 | HIP 87720 | 20.08 |
| 2026-04-03 00:00 | 17:54:46.03 | -10:07:23.9 | HIP 87720 | 16.90 |
| 2026-04-03 12:00 | 17:55:05.92 | -10:06:09.9 | HIP 87720 | 14.86 |
| 2026-04-04 00:00 | 17:55:25.37 | -10:04:55.9 | HIP 87720 | 14.37 |
| 2026-04-04 12:00 | 17:55:44.39 | -10:03:42.0 | HIP 87829 | 12.97 |
| 2026-04-05 00:00 | 17:56:02.97 | -10:02:28.1 | HIP 87829 | 10.66 |
| 2026-04-05 12:00 | 17:56:21.10 | -10:01:14.4 | HIP 87829 | 10.20 |
| 2026-04-06 00:00 | 17:56:38.79 | -10:00:00.9 | HIP 87829 | 11.69 |
| 2026-04-06 12:00 | 17:56:56.04 | -09:58:47.5 | HIP 87829 | 14.44 |
| 2026-04-07 00:00 | 17:57:12.84 | -09:57:34.3 | HIP 87949 | 14.82 |
| 2026-04-07 12:00 | 17:57:29.20 | -09:56:21.3 | HIP 87949 | 11.13 |
| 2026-04-08 00:00 | 17:57:45.11 | -09:55:08.6 | HIP 87949 | 8.03 |
| 2026-04-08 12:00 | 17:58:00.56 | -09:53:56.0 | HIP 87949 | 6.21 |
| 2026-04-09 00:00 | 17:58:15.57 | -09:52:43.8 | HIP 87949 | 6.60 |
| 2026-04-09 12:00 | 17:58:30.12 | -09:51:31.9 | HIP 87949 | 8.78 |
| 2026-04-10 00:00 | 17:58:44.22 | -09:50:20.3 | HIP 88048 | 5.82 |
| 2026-04-10 12:00 | 17:58:57.87 | -09:49:09.0 | HIP 88048 | 2.90 |
| 2026-04-11 00:00 | 17:59:11.06 | -09:47:58.1 | HIP 88048 | 2.81 |
| 2026-04-11 12:00 | 17:59:23.79 | -09:46:47.5 | HIP 88048 | 5.48 |
| 2026-04-12 00:00 | 17:59:36.07 | -09:45:37.4 | HIP 88048 | 8.53 |
| 2026-04-12 12:00 | 17:59:47.89 | -09:44:27.7 | HIP 88048 | 11.57 |
| 2026-04-13 00:00 | 17:59:59.24 | -09:43:18.5 | HIP 88048 | 14.54 |
| 2026-04-13 12:00 | 18:00:10.14 | -09:42:09.8 | HIP 88048 | 17.41 |
| 2026-04-14 00:00 | 18:00:20.57 | -09:41:01.5 | HIP 88048 | 20.19 |
| 2026-04-14 12:00 | 18:00:30.55 | -09:39:53.8 | HIP 88048 | 22.86 |
| 2026-04-15 00:00 | 18:00:40.06 | -09:38:46.6 | HIP 88048 | 25.43 |
| 2026-04-15 12:00 | 18:00:49.10 | -09:37:40.0 | HIP 88048 | 27.89 |
| 2026-04-16 00:00 | 18:00:57.68 | -09:36:34.0 | HIP 88048 | 30.25 |