40P/Vaisala 1
Metadata
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Designation | 40P/Vaisala 1 |
| Type | P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) | 2004-01-22T12:23:07.411200Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) | 2026-01-08T08:17:13Z |
| Obs used | 921 |
| NEO | - |
| M1 | 11.900 |
| K1 | 12.750 |
| PC | 0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) | 2007-04-08.0000000 |
| e | 0.63236291 |
| q (au) | 1.800467 |
| a (au) | 4.897404 |
| i (deg) | 11.527933 |
| Ω (om, deg) | 134.725420 |
| ω (w, deg) | 47.290843 |
| M (ma, deg) | 106.534803 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$ M_a = (9.580 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$
Model Parameters
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| H0 | 9.580 |
| n | 6.000 |
| gf | 1.000 |
| gb | -0.998 |
| k | 1.000 |
| δ90 | 10.000 |
| Parameter | Symbol | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth | H0 | -5 to 20 | Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter | n | 2 to 6 | Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor | gf |
0.8 to 1 | Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor | gb |
-1 to -0.5 | Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient | k | 0.8 to 1 | Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio | δ90 | 1 to 10 | Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | a | b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-11-29 | 2026-02-09 | +4.2365 | -1.947 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) | RA (J2000) | Dec (J2000) | Nearest HIP | Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-02-03 00:00 | 16:31:59.24 | -11:07:43.8 | HIP 80869 | 26.48 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 | 16:32:59.04 | -11:08:35.8 | HIP 81129 | 32.58 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 | 16:33:58.61 | -11:09:25.8 | HIP 81129 | 28.84 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 | 16:34:57.94 | -11:10:13.8 | HIP 81129 | 32.06 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 | 16:35:57.04 | -11:11:00.0 | HIP 81383 | 21.41 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 | 16:36:55.91 | -11:11:44.2 | HIP 81383 | 9.95 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 | 16:37:54.54 | -11:12:26.5 | HIP 81383 | 12.52 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 | 16:38:52.93 | -11:13:06.9 | HIP 81383 | 25.03 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 | 16:39:51.08 | -11:13:45.4 | HIP 81383 | 38.76 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 | 16:40:48.98 | -11:14:22.1 | HIP 81812 | 26.39 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 | 16:41:46.64 | -11:14:56.8 | HIP 81812 | 12.77 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 | 16:42:44.06 | -11:15:29.7 | HIP 81812 | 5.45 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 | 16:43:41.22 | -11:16:00.8 | HIP 81812 | 17.06 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 | 16:44:38.13 | -11:16:30.0 | HIP 82047 | 25.38 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 | 16:45:34.79 | -11:16:57.4 | HIP 82047 | 21.54 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 | 16:46:31.19 | -11:17:22.9 | HIP 82151 | 20.04 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 | 16:47:27.34 | -11:17:46.7 | HIP 82151 | 19.77 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 | 16:48:23.23 | -11:18:08.6 | HIP 82151 | 27.52 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 | 16:49:18.85 | -11:18:28.8 | HIP 82409 | 17.17 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 | 16:50:14.21 | -11:18:47.2 | HIP 82409 | 3.59 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 | 16:51:09.31 | -11:19:03.9 | HIP 82409 | 9.92 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 | 16:52:04.14 | -11:19:18.8 | HIP 82409 | 23.36 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 | 16:52:58.70 | -11:19:31.9 | HIP 82602 | 21.02 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 | 16:53:52.99 | -11:19:43.4 | HIP 82752 | 19.04 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 | 16:54:47.00 | -11:19:53.1 | HIP 82794 | 6.46 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 | 16:55:40.74 | -11:20:01.1 | HIP 82824 | 1.97 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 | 16:56:34.21 | -11:20:07.5 | HIP 82824 | 14.86 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 | 16:57:27.39 | -11:20:12.2 | HIP 82979 | 22.42 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 | 16:58:20.29 | -11:20:15.3 | HIP 82979 | 26.11 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 | 16:59:12.91 | -11:20:16.7 | HIP 83233 | 25.60 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 | 17:00:05.24 | -11:20:16.5 | HIP 83233 | 17.36 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 | 17:00:57.28 | -11:20:14.7 | HIP 83233 | 16.58 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 | 17:01:49.03 | -11:20:11.3 | HIP 83233 | 23.89 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 | 17:02:40.50 | -11:20:06.3 | HIP 83372 | 23.39 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 | 17:03:31.67 | -11:19:59.8 | HIP 83555 | 21.08 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 | 17:04:22.54 | -11:19:51.7 | HIP 83555 | 14.79 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 | 17:05:13.12 | -11:19:42.1 | HIP 83655 | 9.71 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 | 17:06:03.40 | -11:19:31.0 | HIP 83655 | 2.90 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 | 17:06:53.38 | -11:19:18.4 | HIP 83655 | 14.98 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 | 17:07:43.06 | -11:19:04.4 | HIP 83655 | 27.14 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 | 17:08:32.43 | -11:18:48.8 | HIP 83655 | 39.24 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 | 17:09:21.50 | -11:18:31.9 | HIP 84026 | 31.81 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 | 17:10:10.26 | -11:18:13.5 | HIP 84026 | 26.42 |