C/2025 M3 (PANSTARRS)
| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/2025 M3 (PANSTARRS) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2026-07-05T05:58:02.746560Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2025-09-09T12:42:48Z |
| Obs used |
24 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
8.700 |
| K1 |
10.000 |
| PC |
- |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) |
2025-06-30T08:56:42.921600Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) |
21.35 w |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) |
F51 · Pan-STARRS 1, Haleakala |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2025-07-02.0000000 |
| e |
1.01973837 |
| q (au) |
6.531641 |
| a (au) |
-330.910866 |
| i (deg) |
137.428013 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
65.265251 |
| ω (w, deg) |
195.386049 |
| M (ma, deg) |
-0.060295 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (3.530 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
3.530 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
0.989 |
| gb |
-0.500 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-02-03 00:00 |
16:36:12.36 |
-23:47:34.0 |
HIP 81297 |
11.63 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 |
16:36:12.67 |
-23:49:17.2 |
HIP 81297 |
9.91 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 |
16:36:12.83 |
-23:51:00.3 |
HIP 81297 |
8.20 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 |
16:36:12.85 |
-23:52:43.5 |
HIP 81297 |
6.50 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 |
16:36:12.73 |
-23:54:26.7 |
HIP 81297 |
4.82 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 |
16:36:12.46 |
-23:56:09.8 |
HIP 81297 |
3.19 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 |
16:36:12.04 |
-23:57:53.0 |
HIP 81297 |
1.77 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 |
16:36:11.47 |
-23:59:36.2 |
HIP 81297 |
1.45 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 |
16:36:10.75 |
-24:01:19.4 |
HIP 81297 |
2.67 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 |
16:36:09.88 |
-24:03:02.6 |
HIP 81297 |
4.27 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 |
16:36:08.86 |
-24:04:45.8 |
HIP 81297 |
5.96 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 |
16:36:07.68 |
-24:06:28.9 |
HIP 81297 |
7.68 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 |
16:36:06.34 |
-24:08:12.1 |
HIP 81297 |
9.41 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 |
16:36:04.85 |
-24:09:55.3 |
HIP 81297 |
11.16 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 |
16:36:03.20 |
-24:11:38.5 |
HIP 81297 |
12.92 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 |
16:36:01.39 |
-24:13:21.7 |
HIP 81297 |
14.69 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 |
16:35:59.42 |
-24:15:04.9 |
HIP 81297 |
16.47 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 |
16:35:57.29 |
-24:16:48.1 |
HIP 81297 |
18.25 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 |
16:35:54.99 |
-24:18:31.2 |
HIP 81297 |
20.05 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 |
16:35:52.53 |
-24:20:14.4 |
HIP 81297 |
21.86 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 |
16:35:49.90 |
-24:21:57.5 |
HIP 81297 |
23.67 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 |
16:35:47.10 |
-24:23:40.7 |
HIP 81297 |
25.50 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 |
16:35:44.14 |
-24:25:23.8 |
HIP 81097 |
26.95 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 |
16:35:41.00 |
-24:27:07.0 |
HIP 81097 |
26.84 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 |
16:35:37.69 |
-24:28:50.1 |
HIP 81097 |
26.82 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 |
16:35:34.21 |
-24:30:33.2 |
HIP 81097 |
26.90 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 |
16:35:30.56 |
-24:32:16.2 |
HIP 81097 |
27.08 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 |
16:35:26.73 |
-24:33:59.3 |
HIP 81097 |
27.36 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 |
16:35:22.72 |
-24:35:42.4 |
HIP 81097 |
27.73 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 |
16:35:18.54 |
-24:37:25.4 |
HIP 81138 |
27.16 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 |
16:35:14.18 |
-24:39:08.4 |
HIP 81138 |
25.18 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 |
16:35:09.64 |
-24:40:51.4 |
HIP 81138 |
23.18 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 |
16:35:04.91 |
-24:42:34.3 |
HIP 81138 |
21.16 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 |
16:35:00.01 |
-24:44:17.2 |
HIP 81138 |
19.11 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 |
16:34:54.92 |
-24:46:00.1 |
HIP 81138 |
17.05 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 |
16:34:49.64 |
-24:47:43.0 |
HIP 81138 |
14.96 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 |
16:34:44.18 |
-24:49:25.8 |
HIP 81138 |
12.84 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 |
16:34:38.54 |
-24:51:08.6 |
HIP 81138 |
10.71 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 |
16:34:32.70 |
-24:52:51.4 |
HIP 81138 |
8.55 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 |
16:34:26.68 |
-24:54:34.1 |
HIP 81138 |
6.37 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 |
16:34:20.47 |
-24:56:16.7 |
HIP 81138 |
4.20 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 |
16:34:14.06 |
-24:57:59.4 |
HIP 81138 |
2.10 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 |
16:34:07.46 |
-24:59:41.9 |
HIP 81138 |
1.18 |