C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
Metadata
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Designation | C/2022 E3 (ZTF) |
| Type | C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) | 2023-01-12T18:50:41.176320Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) | 2025-07-31T12:12:23Z |
| Obs used | 5330 |
| NEO | - |
| M1 | 10.800 |
| K1 | 4.500 |
| PC | - |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) | 2022-03-02T13:04:07.392000Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) | 17.29 r |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) | I41 · Palomar Mountain–ZTF |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) | 2022-10-21.0000000 |
| e | 1.00030191 |
| q (au) | 1.112244 |
| a (au) | -3684.077283 |
| i (deg) | 109.169481 |
| Ω (om, deg) | 302.555020 |
| ω (w, deg) | 145.814929 |
| M (ma, deg) | -0.000369 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$ M_a = (10.745 + 2.944\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$
Model Parameters
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| H0 | 10.745 |
| n | 2.944 |
| gf | 1.000 |
| gb | -0.681 |
| k | 0.800 |
| δ90 | 10.000 |
| Parameter | Symbol | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth | H0 | -5 to 20 | Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter | n | 2 to 6 | Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor | gf |
0.8 to 1 | Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor | gb |
-1 to -0.5 | Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient | k | 0.8 to 1 | Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio | δ90 | 1 to 10 | Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | a | b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-07-10 | 2023-01-12 | +2.7726 | -1.340 |
| 2023-01-13 | 2023-03-14 | +4.1828 | -0.918 |
| 2023-03-14 | 2024-02-07 | +4.6483 | -1.570 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) | RA (J2000) | Dec (J2000) | Nearest HIP | Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-12 00:00 | 02:07:46.57 | -55:00:20.9 | HIP 9834 | 11.63 |
| 2026-05-12 12:00 | 02:07:59.86 | -55:00:48.7 | HIP 9834 | 13.56 |
| 2026-05-13 00:00 | 02:08:13.11 | -55:01:17.7 | HIP 9825 | 15.44 |
| 2026-05-13 12:00 | 02:08:26.33 | -55:01:47.8 | HIP 9825 | 17.18 |
| 2026-05-14 00:00 | 02:08:39.51 | -55:02:18.9 | HIP 9825 | 18.96 |
| 2026-05-14 12:00 | 02:08:52.66 | -55:02:51.1 | HIP 9825 | 20.76 |
| 2026-05-15 00:00 | 02:09:05.77 | -55:03:24.4 | HIP 9825 | 22.58 |
| 2026-05-15 12:00 | 02:09:18.83 | -55:03:58.8 | HIP 9825 | 24.41 |
| 2026-05-16 00:00 | 02:09:31.86 | -55:04:34.3 | HIP 10134 | 25.61 |
| 2026-05-16 12:00 | 02:09:44.85 | -55:05:10.9 | HIP 10134 | 25.77 |
| 2026-05-17 00:00 | 02:09:57.79 | -55:05:48.5 | HIP 10134 | 26.09 |
| 2026-05-17 12:00 | 02:10:10.69 | -55:06:27.3 | HIP 10134 | 26.57 |
| 2026-05-18 00:00 | 02:10:23.55 | -55:07:07.1 | HIP 10134 | 27.21 |
| 2026-05-18 12:00 | 02:10:36.36 | -55:07:47.9 | HIP 10134 | 27.98 |
| 2026-05-19 00:00 | 02:10:49.13 | -55:08:29.9 | HIP 10134 | 28.89 |
| 2026-05-19 12:00 | 02:11:01.85 | -55:09:12.9 | HIP 10134 | 29.91 |
| 2026-05-20 00:00 | 02:11:14.53 | -55:09:57.0 | HIP 10134 | 31.04 |
| 2026-05-20 12:00 | 02:11:27.15 | -55:10:42.2 | HIP 10134 | 32.26 |
| 2026-05-21 00:00 | 02:11:39.73 | -55:11:28.4 | HIP 10134 | 33.57 |
| 2026-05-21 12:00 | 02:11:52.26 | -55:12:15.7 | HIP 10547 | 34.31 |
| 2026-05-22 00:00 | 02:12:04.73 | -55:13:04.1 | HIP 10547 | 32.44 |
| 2026-05-22 12:00 | 02:12:17.16 | -55:13:53.5 | HIP 10547 | 30.59 |
| 2026-05-23 00:00 | 02:12:29.53 | -55:14:44.0 | HIP 10547 | 28.76 |
| 2026-05-23 12:00 | 02:12:41.85 | -55:15:35.5 | HIP 10547 | 26.95 |
| 2026-05-24 00:00 | 02:12:54.12 | -55:16:28.0 | HIP 10547 | 25.17 |
| 2026-05-24 12:00 | 02:13:06.34 | -55:17:21.6 | HIP 10547 | 23.44 |
| 2026-05-25 00:00 | 02:13:18.49 | -55:18:16.3 | HIP 10547 | 21.75 |
| 2026-05-25 12:00 | 02:13:30.60 | -55:19:12.0 | HIP 10547 | 20.12 |
| 2026-05-26 00:00 | 02:13:42.65 | -55:20:08.7 | HIP 10547 | 18.56 |
| 2026-05-26 12:00 | 02:13:54.64 | -55:21:06.5 | HIP 10547 | 17.10 |
| 2026-05-27 00:00 | 02:14:06.57 | -55:22:05.3 | HIP 10547 | 15.77 |
| 2026-05-27 12:00 | 02:14:18.44 | -55:23:05.1 | HIP 10547 | 14.59 |
| 2026-05-28 00:00 | 02:14:30.26 | -55:24:05.9 | HIP 10547 | 13.62 |
| 2026-05-28 12:00 | 02:14:42.01 | -55:25:07.8 | HIP 10547 | 12.89 |
| 2026-05-29 00:00 | 02:14:53.71 | -55:26:10.7 | HIP 10583 | 11.73 |
| 2026-05-29 12:00 | 02:15:05.34 | -55:27:14.6 | HIP 10583 | 9.86 |
| 2026-05-30 00:00 | 02:15:16.91 | -55:28:19.5 | HIP 10583 | 8.03 |
| 2026-05-30 12:00 | 02:15:28.42 | -55:29:25.4 | HIP 10583 | 6.30 |
| 2026-05-31 00:00 | 02:15:39.86 | -55:30:32.3 | HIP 10583 | 4.76 |
| 2026-05-31 12:00 | 02:15:51.24 | -55:31:40.3 | HIP 10583 | 3.69 |
| 2026-06-01 00:00 | 02:16:02.56 | -55:32:49.2 | HIP 10583 | 3.52 |
| 2026-06-01 12:00 | 02:16:13.80 | -55:33:59.1 | HIP 10583 | 4.37 |
| 2026-06-02 00:00 | 02:16:24.99 | -55:35:10.1 | HIP 10583 | 5.81 |