C/2022 D2 (Kowalski)
| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/2022 D2 (Kowalski) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2022-03-27T13:51:54.040320Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2022-05-19T21:13:31Z |
| Obs used |
112 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
14.100 |
| K1 |
25.500 |
| PC |
- |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) |
2022-02-25T02:54:45.244800Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) |
19.85 G |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) |
G96 · Mt. Lemmon Survey |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2022-03-11.0000000 |
| e |
0.99563301 |
| q (au) |
1.555140 |
| a (au) |
356.112305 |
| i (deg) |
22.654502 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
312.470402 |
| ω (w, deg) |
177.792237 |
| M (ma, deg) |
359.997569 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (15.407 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
15.407 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.500 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-02-03 00:00 |
18:21:27.16 |
-37:49:33.2 |
HIP 89834 |
19.99 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 |
18:21:37.50 |
-37:49:45.1 |
HIP 89834 |
21.93 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 |
18:21:47.79 |
-37:49:57.2 |
HIP 89920 |
23.17 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 |
18:21:58.01 |
-37:50:09.4 |
HIP 89920 |
24.32 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 |
18:22:08.17 |
-37:50:21.9 |
HIP 89920 |
25.58 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 |
18:22:18.28 |
-37:50:34.6 |
HIP 89920 |
26.92 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 |
18:22:28.32 |
-37:50:47.5 |
HIP 89920 |
28.34 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 |
18:22:38.30 |
-37:51:00.6 |
HIP 89920 |
29.82 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 |
18:22:48.22 |
-37:51:13.9 |
HIP 89920 |
31.35 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 |
18:22:58.07 |
-37:51:27.5 |
HIP 89920 |
32.93 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 |
18:23:07.86 |
-37:51:41.2 |
HIP 89920 |
34.53 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 |
18:23:17.59 |
-37:51:55.1 |
HIP 89920 |
36.16 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 |
18:23:27.25 |
-37:52:09.2 |
HIP 89920 |
37.81 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 |
18:23:36.84 |
-37:52:23.5 |
HIP 89920 |
39.47 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 |
18:23:46.37 |
-37:52:38.1 |
HIP 90219 |
40.01 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 |
18:23:55.84 |
-37:52:52.8 |
HIP 90219 |
39.88 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 |
18:24:05.23 |
-37:53:07.8 |
HIP 90219 |
39.85 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 |
18:24:14.56 |
-37:53:22.9 |
HIP 90219 |
39.90 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 |
18:24:23.82 |
-37:53:38.3 |
HIP 90219 |
40.05 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 |
18:24:33.01 |
-37:53:53.8 |
HIP 90219 |
40.29 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 |
18:24:42.13 |
-37:54:09.6 |
HIP 90254 |
40.46 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 |
18:24:51.18 |
-37:54:25.5 |
HIP 90254 |
40.10 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 |
18:25:00.16 |
-37:54:41.7 |
HIP 90254 |
39.81 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 |
18:25:09.07 |
-37:54:58.1 |
HIP 90254 |
39.60 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 |
18:25:17.91 |
-37:55:14.6 |
HIP 90254 |
39.46 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 |
18:25:26.68 |
-37:55:31.4 |
HIP 90254 |
39.39 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 |
18:25:35.37 |
-37:55:48.3 |
HIP 90562 |
38.11 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 |
18:25:43.99 |
-37:56:05.5 |
HIP 90562 |
36.39 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 |
18:25:52.53 |
-37:56:22.9 |
HIP 90562 |
34.68 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 |
18:26:01.00 |
-37:56:40.4 |
HIP 90562 |
32.99 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 |
18:26:09.40 |
-37:56:58.2 |
HIP 90562 |
31.30 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 |
18:26:17.72 |
-37:57:16.2 |
HIP 90562 |
29.64 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 |
18:26:25.96 |
-37:57:34.3 |
HIP 90562 |
27.99 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 |
18:26:34.13 |
-37:57:52.7 |
HIP 90562 |
26.35 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 |
18:26:42.22 |
-37:58:11.2 |
HIP 90562 |
24.73 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 |
18:26:50.23 |
-37:58:30.0 |
HIP 90562 |
23.12 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 |
18:26:58.17 |
-37:58:48.9 |
HIP 90562 |
21.53 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 |
18:27:06.02 |
-37:59:08.0 |
HIP 90562 |
19.95 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 |
18:27:13.80 |
-37:59:27.4 |
HIP 90562 |
18.39 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 |
18:27:21.49 |
-37:59:46.9 |
HIP 90562 |
16.84 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 |
18:27:29.11 |
-38:00:06.6 |
HIP 90562 |
15.32 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 |
18:27:36.65 |
-38:00:26.5 |
HIP 90562 |
13.81 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 |
18:27:44.10 |
-38:00:46.6 |
HIP 90562 |
12.31 |