| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
P/2021 R3 (PANSTARRS) |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2021-05-27T03:58:54.658560Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-11-20T19:13:08Z |
| Obs used |
63 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
18.200 |
| K1 |
4.500 |
| PC |
- |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) |
2021-09-05T07:39:54.432000Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) |
21.40 w |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) |
F51 · Pan-STARRS 1, Haleakala |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2021-08-28.0000000 |
| e |
0.33193059 |
| q (au) |
2.525552 |
| a (au) |
3.780374 |
| i (deg) |
19.933099 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
304.252763 |
| ω (w, deg) |
3.018607 |
| M (ma, deg) |
12.448284 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (17.612 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
17.612 |
| n |
2.000 |
| gf |
0.906 |
| gb |
-0.732 |
| k |
0.996 |
| δ90 |
5.561 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-03-26 00:00 |
09:50:33.01 |
-01:34:56.0 |
HIP 48267 |
9.86 |
| 2026-03-26 12:00 |
09:50:19.36 |
-01:33:37.5 |
HIP 48267 |
8.37 |
| 2026-03-27 00:00 |
09:50:05.90 |
-01:32:19.3 |
HIP 48267 |
8.32 |
| 2026-03-27 12:00 |
09:49:52.63 |
-01:31:01.3 |
HIP 48267 |
9.67 |
| 2026-03-28 00:00 |
09:49:39.55 |
-01:29:43.5 |
HIP 48267 |
11.93 |
| 2026-03-28 12:00 |
09:49:26.65 |
-01:28:26.0 |
HIP 48267 |
14.65 |
| 2026-03-29 00:00 |
09:49:13.96 |
-01:27:08.7 |
HIP 48267 |
17.59 |
| 2026-03-29 12:00 |
09:49:01.45 |
-01:25:51.8 |
HIP 48267 |
20.62 |
| 2026-03-30 00:00 |
09:48:49.14 |
-01:24:35.2 |
HIP 48267 |
23.71 |
| 2026-03-30 12:00 |
09:48:37.03 |
-01:23:18.9 |
HIP 48267 |
26.80 |
| 2026-03-31 00:00 |
09:48:25.12 |
-01:22:02.9 |
HIP 47982 |
24.39 |
| 2026-03-31 12:00 |
09:48:13.40 |
-01:20:47.3 |
HIP 47982 |
21.30 |
| 2026-04-01 00:00 |
09:48:01.88 |
-01:19:32.1 |
HIP 47982 |
18.29 |
| 2026-04-01 12:00 |
09:47:50.57 |
-01:18:17.3 |
HIP 47982 |
15.38 |
| 2026-04-02 00:00 |
09:47:39.46 |
-01:17:02.8 |
HIP 47982 |
12.61 |
| 2026-04-02 12:00 |
09:47:28.55 |
-01:15:48.8 |
HIP 47982 |
10.05 |
| 2026-04-03 00:00 |
09:47:17.85 |
-01:14:35.2 |
HIP 47982 |
7.84 |
| 2026-04-03 12:00 |
09:47:07.35 |
-01:13:22.1 |
HIP 47982 |
6.30 |
| 2026-04-04 00:00 |
09:46:57.06 |
-01:12:09.4 |
HIP 47982 |
5.90 |
| 2026-04-04 12:00 |
09:46:46.98 |
-01:10:57.1 |
HIP 47982 |
6.78 |
| 2026-04-05 00:00 |
09:46:37.10 |
-01:09:45.4 |
HIP 47982 |
8.50 |
| 2026-04-05 12:00 |
09:46:27.44 |
-01:08:34.2 |
HIP 47982 |
10.62 |
| 2026-04-06 00:00 |
09:46:17.98 |
-01:07:23.4 |
HIP 47982 |
12.92 |
| 2026-04-06 12:00 |
09:46:08.74 |
-01:06:13.2 |
HIP 47982 |
15.29 |
| 2026-04-07 00:00 |
09:45:59.71 |
-01:05:03.6 |
HIP 47982 |
17.67 |
| 2026-04-07 12:00 |
09:45:50.89 |
-01:03:54.5 |
HIP 47982 |
20.05 |
| 2026-04-08 00:00 |
09:45:42.29 |
-01:02:45.9 |
HIP 47982 |
22.41 |
| 2026-04-08 12:00 |
09:45:33.90 |
-01:01:37.9 |
HIP 47982 |
24.73 |
| 2026-04-09 00:00 |
09:45:25.72 |
-01:00:30.6 |
HIP 47735 |
25.13 |
| 2026-04-09 12:00 |
09:45:17.76 |
-00:59:23.8 |
HIP 47735 |
23.79 |
| 2026-04-10 00:00 |
09:45:10.02 |
-00:58:17.6 |
HIP 47735 |
22.65 |
| 2026-04-10 12:00 |
09:45:02.49 |
-00:57:12.1 |
HIP 47735 |
21.72 |
| 2026-04-11 00:00 |
09:44:55.18 |
-00:56:07.2 |
HIP 47735 |
21.00 |
| 2026-04-11 12:00 |
09:44:48.09 |
-00:55:03.0 |
HIP 47735 |
20.51 |
| 2026-04-12 00:00 |
09:44:41.22 |
-00:53:59.5 |
HIP 47735 |
20.24 |
| 2026-04-12 12:00 |
09:44:34.57 |
-00:52:56.6 |
HIP 47735 |
20.19 |
| 2026-04-13 00:00 |
09:44:28.13 |
-00:51:54.4 |
HIP 47735 |
20.35 |
| 2026-04-13 12:00 |
09:44:21.92 |
-00:50:52.9 |
HIP 47735 |
20.68 |
| 2026-04-14 00:00 |
09:44:15.93 |
-00:49:52.2 |
HIP 47735 |
21.18 |
| 2026-04-14 12:00 |
09:44:10.16 |
-00:48:52.1 |
HIP 47735 |
21.82 |
| 2026-04-15 00:00 |
09:44:04.61 |
-00:47:52.8 |
HIP 47735 |
22.57 |
| 2026-04-15 12:00 |
09:43:59.28 |
-00:46:54.3 |
HIP 47735 |
23.42 |
| 2026-04-16 00:00 |
09:43:54.18 |
-00:45:56.5 |
HIP 47735 |
24.33 |