C/2021 A2 (NEOWISE)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/2021 A2 (NEOWISE)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2021-01-22T15:13:06.119040Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2025-01-02T20:12:26Z
Obs used 980
NEO -
M1 15.000
K1 4.500
PC -
Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) 2021-01-03T00:31:00.192000Z
Discovery magnitude (MPC) 15.00 R
Discovery observatory (MPC) C51 · WISE
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2021-02-20.0000000
e 0.99451672
q (au) 1.412974
a (au) 257.687917
i (deg) 106.978275
Ω (om, deg) 125.238283
ω (w, deg) 338.849015
M (ma, deg) 0.006759

Magnitude

C/2021 A2 (NEOWISE) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (14.158 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 14.158
n 2.000
gf 1.000
gb -1.000
k 0.991
δ90 10.000
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
2021-01-23 2021-05-09 +4.2062 -1.270

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-03-26 00:00 20:56:40.07 +35:38:40.4 HIP 103387 7.90
2026-03-26 12:00 20:56:45.16 +35:39:51.3 HIP 103387 6.62
2026-03-27 00:00 20:56:50.20 +35:41:02.5 HIP 103387 5.49
2026-03-27 12:00 20:56:55.18 +35:42:14.0 HIP 103387 4.62
2026-03-28 00:00 20:57:00.11 +35:43:25.9 HIP 103387 4.15
2026-03-28 12:00 20:57:04.97 +35:44:38.0 HIP 103387 4.23
2026-03-29 00:00 20:57:09.77 +35:45:50.3 HIP 103387 4.83
2026-03-29 12:00 20:57:14.51 +35:47:03.0 HIP 103387 5.78
2026-03-30 00:00 20:57:19.19 +35:48:16.0 HIP 103387 6.93
2026-03-30 12:00 20:57:23.81 +35:49:29.2 HIP 103387 8.20
2026-03-31 00:00 20:57:28.37 +35:50:42.7 HIP 103387 9.55
2026-03-31 12:00 20:57:32.86 +35:51:56.4 HIP 103387 10.93
2026-04-01 00:00 20:57:37.30 +35:53:10.4 HIP 103387 12.34
2026-04-01 12:00 20:57:41.67 +35:54:24.6 HIP 103387 13.77
2026-04-02 00:00 20:57:45.98 +35:55:39.1 HIP 103387 15.20
2026-04-02 12:00 20:57:50.22 +35:56:53.9 HIP 103387 16.65
2026-04-03 00:00 20:57:54.41 +35:58:08.8 HIP 103387 18.09
2026-04-03 12:00 20:57:58.53 +35:59:24.0 HIP 103387 19.54
2026-04-04 00:00 20:58:02.58 +36:00:39.5 HIP 103387 20.99
2026-04-04 12:00 20:58:06.57 +36:01:55.1 HIP 103387 22.44
2026-04-05 00:00 20:58:10.50 +36:03:11.0 HIP 103387 23.89
2026-04-05 12:00 20:58:14.37 +36:04:27.0 HIP 103387 25.34
2026-04-06 00:00 20:58:18.16 +36:05:43.3 HIP 103594 23.91
2026-04-06 12:00 20:58:21.90 +36:06:59.8 HIP 103594 22.43
2026-04-07 00:00 20:58:25.56 +36:08:16.5 HIP 103594 20.96
2026-04-07 12:00 20:58:29.16 +36:09:33.3 HIP 103594 19.49
2026-04-08 00:00 20:58:32.70 +36:10:50.3 HIP 103594 18.03
2026-04-08 12:00 20:58:36.17 +36:12:07.6 HIP 103594 16.57
2026-04-09 00:00 20:58:39.57 +36:13:24.9 HIP 103594 15.12
2026-04-09 12:00 20:58:42.90 +36:14:42.5 HIP 103594 13.68
2026-04-10 00:00 20:58:46.17 +36:16:00.2 HIP 103594 12.25
2026-04-10 12:00 20:58:49.37 +36:17:18.1 HIP 103594 10.83
2026-04-11 00:00 20:58:52.50 +36:18:36.1 HIP 103594 9.43
2026-04-11 12:00 20:58:55.56 +36:19:54.3 HIP 103594 8.05
2026-04-12 00:00 20:58:58.55 +36:21:12.5 HIP 103594 6.70
2026-04-12 12:00 20:59:01.48 +36:22:31.0 HIP 103594 5.42
2026-04-13 00:00 20:59:04.33 +36:23:49.5 HIP 103594 4.24
2026-04-13 12:00 20:59:07.12 +36:25:08.2 HIP 103594 3.28
2026-04-14 00:00 20:59:09.83 +36:26:27.0 HIP 103594 2.77
2026-04-14 12:00 20:59:12.48 +36:27:45.9 HIP 103594 2.96
2026-04-15 00:00 20:59:15.05 +36:29:04.9 HIP 103594 3.73
2026-04-15 12:00 20:59:17.56 +36:30:24.0 HIP 103594 4.80
2026-04-16 00:00 20:59:19.99 +36:31:43.1 HIP 103594 6.02