C/2020 J1 (SONEAR)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/2020 J1 (SONEAR)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2021-04-18T14:32:05.205120Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2023-05-24T21:12:29Z
Obs used 1423
NEO -
M1 8.000
K1 7.500
PC 0.030
Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) 2020-05-01T06:33:40.896000Z
Discovery magnitude (MPC) 17.00 R
Discovery observatory (MPC) Y00 · SONEAR Observatory, Oliveira
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2021-10-28.0000000
e 1.00036308
q (au) 3.355156
a (au) -9240.744312
i (deg) 142.295628
Ω (om, deg) 226.582890
ω (w, deg) 341.755563
M (ma, deg) 0.000213

Magnitude

C/2020 J1 (SONEAR) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (7.505 + 3.369\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 7.505
n 3.369
gf 0.833
gb -0.500
k 0.921
δ90 2.649
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
2020-04-19 2021-04-17 +0.2477 +0.184
2021-04-19 2021-12-01 -7.4917 +3.560
2021-12-01 2023-05-23 +6.0369 -4.382

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-03-26 00:00 08:42:04.51 +57:29:56.4 HIP 42875 17.71
2026-03-26 12:00 08:41:52.93 +57:29:02.7 HIP 42875 19.39
2026-03-27 00:00 08:41:41.50 +57:28:08.3 HIP 42875 21.08
2026-03-27 12:00 08:41:30.20 +57:27:13.4 HIP 42875 22.76
2026-03-28 00:00 08:41:19.04 +57:26:18.0 HIP 42875 24.44
2026-03-28 12:00 08:41:08.03 +57:25:22.0 HIP 42875 26.11
2026-03-29 00:00 08:40:57.16 +57:24:25.5 HIP 42875 27.78
2026-03-29 12:00 08:40:46.43 +57:23:28.4 HIP 42875 29.45
2026-03-30 00:00 08:40:35.85 +57:22:30.8 HIP 42875 31.10
2026-03-30 12:00 08:40:25.40 +57:21:32.7 HIP 42875 32.75
2026-03-31 00:00 08:40:15.10 +57:20:34.1 HIP 42449 32.58
2026-03-31 12:00 08:40:04.94 +57:19:35.1 HIP 42449 31.31
2026-04-01 00:00 08:39:54.93 +57:18:35.5 HIP 42449 30.07
2026-04-01 12:00 08:39:45.05 +57:17:35.4 HIP 42449 28.87
2026-04-02 00:00 08:39:35.32 +57:16:34.9 HIP 42449 27.72
2026-04-02 12:00 08:39:25.74 +57:15:33.9 HIP 42449 26.62
2026-04-03 00:00 08:39:16.29 +57:14:32.4 HIP 42449 25.56
2026-04-03 12:00 08:39:06.99 +57:13:30.5 HIP 42449 24.56
2026-04-04 00:00 08:38:57.84 +57:12:28.2 HIP 42449 23.63
2026-04-04 12:00 08:38:48.83 +57:11:25.4 HIP 42449 22.76
2026-04-05 00:00 08:38:39.96 +57:10:22.2 HIP 42449 21.96
2026-04-05 12:00 08:38:31.23 +57:09:18.5 HIP 42449 21.25
2026-04-06 00:00 08:38:22.65 +57:08:14.5 HIP 42449 20.61
2026-04-06 12:00 08:38:14.21 +57:07:10.1 HIP 42449 20.07
2026-04-07 00:00 08:38:05.91 +57:06:05.2 HIP 42449 19.63
2026-04-07 12:00 08:37:57.76 +57:05:00.0 HIP 42449 19.29
2026-04-08 00:00 08:37:49.76 +57:03:54.3 HIP 42449 19.05
2026-04-08 12:00 08:37:41.89 +57:02:48.3 HIP 42449 18.91
2026-04-09 00:00 08:37:34.17 +57:01:42.0 HIP 42449 18.89
2026-04-09 12:00 08:37:26.59 +57:00:35.2 HIP 42449 18.97
2026-04-10 00:00 08:37:19.16 +56:59:28.2 HIP 42449 19.15
2026-04-10 12:00 08:37:11.87 +56:58:20.7 HIP 42449 19.43
2026-04-11 00:00 08:37:04.72 +56:57:13.0 HIP 42449 19.79
2026-04-11 12:00 08:36:57.72 +56:56:04.9 HIP 42449 20.25
2026-04-12 00:00 08:36:50.85 +56:54:56.4 HIP 42449 20.78
2026-04-12 12:00 08:36:44.14 +56:53:47.7 HIP 42046 20.78
2026-04-13 00:00 08:36:37.56 +56:52:38.6 HIP 42046 20.01
2026-04-13 12:00 08:36:31.13 +56:51:29.3 HIP 42046 19.35
2026-04-14 00:00 08:36:24.84 +56:50:19.6 HIP 42046 18.79
2026-04-14 12:00 08:36:18.69 +56:49:09.7 HIP 42046 18.35
2026-04-15 00:00 08:36:12.68 +56:47:59.4 HIP 42046 18.03
2026-04-15 12:00 08:36:06.82 +56:46:48.9 HIP 42046 17.84
2026-04-16 00:00 08:36:01.10 +56:45:38.2 HIP 42046 17.78