C/2019 O3 (Palomar)
| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/2019 O3 (Palomar) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2021-03-08T21:27:10.964160Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2025-02-13T09:52:49Z |
| Obs used |
2138 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
6.100 |
| K1 |
6.750 |
| PC |
0.030 |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) |
2019-07-26T05:21:28.800000Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) |
19.30 r |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) |
I41 · Palomar Mountain–ZTF |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2022-03-22.0000000 |
| e |
1.00359769 |
| q (au) |
8.820012 |
| a (au) |
-2451.574872 |
| i (deg) |
89.818764 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
300.392129 |
| ω (w, deg) |
60.096036 |
| M (ma, deg) |
0.003070 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (-1.506 + 5.405\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
-1.506 |
| n |
5.405 |
| gf |
0.999 |
| gb |
-0.626 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-02-03 00:00 |
09:54:09.43 |
+69:56:37.1 |
HIP 48486 |
6.78 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 |
09:53:39.52 |
+69:56:49.5 |
HIP 48486 |
5.63 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 |
09:53:09.57 |
+69:57:00.5 |
HIP 48486 |
5.52 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 |
09:52:39.59 |
+69:57:10.3 |
HIP 48486 |
6.51 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 |
09:52:09.56 |
+69:57:18.8 |
HIP 48486 |
8.20 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 |
09:51:39.51 |
+69:57:26.0 |
HIP 48486 |
10.26 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 |
09:51:09.44 |
+69:57:31.9 |
HIP 48486 |
12.51 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 |
09:50:39.34 |
+69:57:36.4 |
HIP 48486 |
14.86 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 |
09:50:09.22 |
+69:57:39.7 |
HIP 48139 |
13.54 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 |
09:49:39.08 |
+69:57:41.7 |
HIP 48139 |
12.46 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 |
09:49:08.94 |
+69:57:42.3 |
HIP 48139 |
11.85 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 |
09:48:38.78 |
+69:57:41.7 |
HIP 48139 |
11.76 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 |
09:48:08.63 |
+69:57:39.7 |
HIP 48139 |
12.21 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 |
09:47:38.47 |
+69:57:36.4 |
HIP 48139 |
13.16 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 |
09:47:08.31 |
+69:57:31.7 |
HIP 48139 |
14.49 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 |
09:46:38.17 |
+69:57:25.8 |
HIP 48139 |
16.12 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 |
09:46:08.03 |
+69:57:18.5 |
HIP 47650 |
17.45 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 |
09:45:37.91 |
+69:57:09.9 |
HIP 47650 |
15.05 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 |
09:45:07.80 |
+69:57:00.0 |
HIP 47650 |
12.74 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 |
09:44:37.72 |
+69:56:48.7 |
HIP 47650 |
10.57 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 |
09:44:07.67 |
+69:56:36.1 |
HIP 47650 |
8.64 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 |
09:43:37.64 |
+69:56:22.2 |
HIP 47650 |
7.15 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 |
09:43:07.65 |
+69:56:06.9 |
HIP 47650 |
6.41 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 |
09:42:37.70 |
+69:55:50.3 |
HIP 47620 |
6.24 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 |
09:42:07.79 |
+69:55:32.4 |
HIP 47620 |
6.96 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 |
09:41:37.92 |
+69:55:13.1 |
HIP 47620 |
8.47 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 |
09:41:08.11 |
+69:54:52.6 |
HIP 47620 |
10.41 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 |
09:40:38.34 |
+69:54:30.7 |
HIP 47620 |
12.60 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 |
09:40:08.64 |
+69:54:07.4 |
HIP 47620 |
14.91 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 |
09:39:38.99 |
+69:53:42.9 |
HIP 47620 |
17.31 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 |
09:39:09.41 |
+69:53:17.0 |
HIP 47620 |
19.76 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 |
09:38:39.89 |
+69:52:49.8 |
HIP 47165 |
17.88 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 |
09:38:10.45 |
+69:52:21.2 |
HIP 47165 |
16.13 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 |
09:37:41.08 |
+69:51:51.4 |
HIP 47165 |
14.61 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 |
09:37:11.79 |
+69:51:20.2 |
HIP 47165 |
13.40 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 |
09:36:42.58 |
+69:50:47.8 |
HIP 46977 |
11.56 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 |
09:36:13.46 |
+69:50:14.0 |
HIP 46977 |
9.02 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 |
09:35:44.43 |
+69:49:38.9 |
HIP 46977 |
6.51 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 |
09:35:15.49 |
+69:49:02.6 |
HIP 46977 |
4.08 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 |
09:34:46.65 |
+69:48:24.9 |
HIP 46977 |
2.07 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 |
09:34:17.91 |
+69:47:45.9 |
HIP 46977 |
2.26 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 |
09:33:49.27 |
+69:47:05.7 |
HIP 46977 |
4.37 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 |
09:33:20.73 |
+69:46:24.2 |
HIP 46977 |
6.80 |