C/2019 M3 (ATLAS)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/2019 M3 (ATLAS)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2019-01-03T01:14:33.895680Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-04-15T23:33:57Z
Obs used 340
NEO -
M1 13.800
K1 6.000
PC 0.030
Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) 2019-06-30T12:24:39.600000Z
Discovery magnitude (MPC) 19.39 c
Discovery observatory (MPC) T05 · ATLAS-HKO, Haleakala
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2019-08-04.0000000
e 1.00221470
q (au) 2.417809
a (au) -1091.709033
i (deg) 99.436295
Ω (om, deg) 154.896272
ω (w, deg) 87.935053
M (ma, deg) 0.005819

Magnitude

C/2019 M3 (ATLAS) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (13.222 + 2.205\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 13.222
n 2.205
gf 1.000
gb -1.000
k 1.000
δ90 10.000
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
2019-06-30 2019-09-05 +4.9840 -2.533
2019-09-05 2020-11-22 -48.4696 +27.440

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-03-26 00:00 23:30:03.44 -51:45:40.3 HIP 116071 10.95
2026-03-26 12:00 23:30:12.65 -51:45:42.8 HIP 116071 9.66
2026-03-27 00:00 23:30:21.85 -51:45:45.9 HIP 116071 8.43
2026-03-27 12:00 23:30:31.03 -51:45:49.6 HIP 116071 7.27
2026-03-28 00:00 23:30:40.19 -51:45:53.8 HIP 116071 6.24
2026-03-28 12:00 23:30:49.34 -51:45:58.7 HIP 116071 5.39
2026-03-29 00:00 23:30:58.46 -51:46:04.1 HIP 116071 4.83
2026-03-29 12:00 23:31:07.57 -51:46:10.1 HIP 116071 4.66
2026-03-30 00:00 23:31:16.65 -51:46:16.6 HIP 116071 4.92
2026-03-30 12:00 23:31:25.72 -51:46:23.8 HIP 116071 5.54
2026-03-31 00:00 23:31:34.76 -51:46:31.5 HIP 116071 6.42
2026-03-31 12:00 23:31:43.78 -51:46:39.8 HIP 116071 7.47
2026-04-01 00:00 23:31:52.78 -51:46:48.7 HIP 116071 8.62
2026-04-01 12:00 23:32:01.76 -51:46:58.1 HIP 116071 9.84
2026-04-02 00:00 23:32:10.72 -51:47:08.2 HIP 116071 11.11
2026-04-02 12:00 23:32:19.65 -51:47:18.8 HIP 116071 12.40
2026-04-03 00:00 23:32:28.56 -51:47:30.0 HIP 116289 11.79
2026-04-03 12:00 23:32:37.44 -51:47:41.8 HIP 116289 10.57
2026-04-04 00:00 23:32:46.30 -51:47:54.2 HIP 116289 9.41
2026-04-04 12:00 23:32:55.13 -51:48:07.2 HIP 116289 8.33
2026-04-05 00:00 23:33:03.94 -51:48:20.7 HIP 116289 7.36
2026-04-05 12:00 23:33:12.73 -51:48:34.8 HIP 116289 6.55
2026-04-06 00:00 23:33:21.49 -51:48:49.6 HIP 116289 5.96
2026-04-06 12:00 23:33:30.22 -51:49:04.8 HIP 116289 5.66
2026-04-07 00:00 23:33:38.92 -51:49:20.7 HIP 116289 5.71
2026-04-07 12:00 23:33:47.59 -51:49:37.2 HIP 116289 6.07
2026-04-08 00:00 23:33:56.24 -51:49:54.2 HIP 116289 6.71
2026-04-08 12:00 23:34:04.86 -51:50:11.9 HIP 116289 7.56
2026-04-09 00:00 23:34:13.45 -51:50:30.1 HIP 116289 8.54
2026-04-09 12:00 23:34:22.01 -51:50:48.9 HIP 116289 9.62
2026-04-10 00:00 23:34:30.54 -51:51:08.3 HIP 116289 10.77
2026-04-10 12:00 23:34:39.04 -51:51:28.3 HIP 116289 11.96
2026-04-11 00:00 23:34:47.51 -51:51:48.9 HIP 116289 13.19
2026-04-11 12:00 23:34:55.94 -51:52:10.0 HIP 116289 14.44
2026-04-12 00:00 23:35:04.35 -51:52:31.8 HIP 116289 15.71
2026-04-12 12:00 23:35:12.72 -51:52:54.1 HIP 116289 16.99
2026-04-13 00:00 23:35:21.06 -51:53:17.0 HIP 116289 18.28
2026-04-13 12:00 23:35:29.36 -51:53:40.5 HIP 116289 19.58
2026-04-14 00:00 23:35:37.63 -51:54:04.6 HIP 116573 19.27
2026-04-14 12:00 23:35:45.87 -51:54:29.3 HIP 116573 18.43
2026-04-15 00:00 23:35:54.07 -51:54:54.5 HIP 116573 17.66
2026-04-15 12:00 23:36:02.24 -51:55:20.4 HIP 116573 16.97
2026-04-16 00:00 23:36:10.37 -51:55:46.8 HIP 116573 16.38