C/2018 W2 (Africano)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/2018 W2 (Africano)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2019-09-05T17:29:59.596800Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-08-24T14:05:51Z
Obs used 1995
NEO -
M1 13.400
K1 4.500
PC -
Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) 2018-11-27T12:43:12.864000Z
Discovery magnitude (MPC) 18.30 G
Discovery observatory (MPC) G96 · Mt. Lemmon Survey
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2019-07-27.0000000
e 1.00075966
q (au) 1.454668
a (au) -1914.899581
i (deg) 116.615771
Ω (om, deg) 181.849455
ω (w, deg) 157.972854
M (ma, deg) -0.000479

Magnitude

C/2018 W2 (Africano) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (13.119 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 13.119
n 2.000
gf 0.994
gb -0.500
k 0.800
δ90 1.652
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
2018-08-24 2018-12-01 -96.0365 +55.664
2018-12-01 2019-09-05 +4.8869 -2.512
2019-09-05 2020-06-15 -2.6714 +0.118

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-05-12 00:00 12:10:06.50 -56:20:56.3 HIP 59360 7.46
2026-05-12 12:00 12:09:59.33 -56:19:32.3 HIP 59360 9.17
2026-05-13 00:00 12:09:52.24 -56:18:08.0 HIP 59360 10.88
2026-05-13 12:00 12:09:45.23 -56:16:43.5 HIP 59360 12.58
2026-05-14 00:00 12:09:38.30 -56:15:18.6 HIP 59360 14.29
2026-05-14 12:00 12:09:31.46 -56:13:53.5 HIP 59360 15.99
2026-05-15 00:00 12:09:24.70 -56:12:28.1 HIP 59360 17.69
2026-05-15 12:00 12:09:18.02 -56:11:02.4 HIP 59360 19.39
2026-05-16 00:00 12:09:11.43 -56:09:36.5 HIP 59360 21.09
2026-05-16 12:00 12:09:04.92 -56:08:10.4 HIP 59360 22.78
2026-05-17 00:00 12:08:58.49 -56:06:44.0 HIP 59231 23.05
2026-05-17 12:00 12:08:52.15 -56:05:17.3 HIP 59231 21.60
2026-05-18 00:00 12:08:45.90 -56:03:50.5 HIP 59231 20.18
2026-05-18 12:00 12:08:39.73 -56:02:23.4 HIP 59231 18.81
2026-05-19 00:00 12:08:33.65 -56:00:56.2 HIP 59231 17.48
2026-05-19 12:00 12:08:27.65 -55:59:28.7 HIP 59231 16.22
2026-05-20 00:00 12:08:21.74 -55:58:01.0 HIP 59231 15.03
2026-05-20 12:00 12:08:15.91 -55:56:33.2 HIP 59231 13.94
2026-05-21 00:00 12:08:10.17 -55:55:05.2 HIP 59231 12.97
2026-05-21 12:00 12:08:04.52 -55:53:37.0 HIP 59231 12.14
2026-05-22 00:00 12:07:58.96 -55:52:08.7 HIP 59231 11.48
2026-05-22 12:00 12:07:53.48 -55:50:40.2 HIP 59231 11.03
2026-05-23 00:00 12:07:48.09 -55:49:11.5 HIP 59231 10.81
2026-05-23 12:00 12:07:42.79 -55:47:42.7 HIP 59231 10.83
2026-05-24 00:00 12:07:37.57 -55:46:13.8 HIP 59231 11.09
2026-05-24 12:00 12:07:32.44 -55:44:44.8 HIP 59231 11.57
2026-05-25 00:00 12:07:27.40 -55:43:15.6 HIP 59231 12.24
2026-05-25 12:00 12:07:22.45 -55:41:46.4 HIP 59231 13.08
2026-05-26 00:00 12:07:17.59 -55:40:17.0 HIP 59231 14.04
2026-05-26 12:00 12:07:12.81 -55:38:47.5 HIP 59231 15.12
2026-05-27 00:00 12:07:08.13 -55:37:18.0 HIP 59231 16.27
2026-05-27 12:00 12:07:03.53 -55:35:48.3 HIP 59231 17.50
2026-05-28 00:00 12:06:59.02 -55:34:18.6 HIP 59231 18.77
2026-05-28 12:00 12:06:54.59 -55:32:48.8 HIP 59231 20.09
2026-05-29 00:00 12:06:50.26 -55:31:19.0 HIP 58883 19.53
2026-05-29 12:00 12:06:46.02 -55:29:49.1 HIP 58883 18.59
2026-05-30 00:00 12:06:41.86 -55:28:19.1 HIP 58883 17.75
2026-05-30 12:00 12:06:37.79 -55:26:49.1 HIP 58883 17.03
2026-05-31 00:00 12:06:33.81 -55:25:19.1 HIP 58883 16.45
2026-05-31 12:00 12:06:29.92 -55:23:49.1 HIP 58883 16.02
2026-06-01 00:00 12:06:26.12 -55:22:19.0 HIP 58883 15.76
2026-06-01 12:00 12:06:22.40 -55:20:48.9 HIP 58883 15.67
2026-06-02 00:00 12:06:18.78 -55:19:18.8 HIP 58883 15.75