C/2011 J2 (LINEAR)
| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/2011 J2 (LINEAR) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2013-12-25T07:20:37.112640Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:31:49Z |
| Obs used |
6434 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
7.700 |
| K1 |
7.500 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2014-01-22.0000000 |
| e |
1.00050456 |
| q (au) |
3.443446 |
| a (au) |
-6824.670055 |
| i (deg) |
122.798823 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
163.947568 |
| ω (w, deg) |
85.296082 |
| M (ma, deg) |
0.000048 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (8.871 + 2.028\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
8.871 |
| n |
2.028 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.970 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) |
End (UTC) |
a |
b |
| 2011-03-10 |
2013-12-24 |
+0.7332 |
-0.693 |
| 2013-12-26 |
2014-08-24 |
+6.3434 |
-3.845 |
| 2014-08-24 |
2016-08-01 |
-1.3502 |
+1.131 |
| 2016-08-01 |
2017-09-15 |
+22.3619 |
-20.827 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-02-03 00:00 |
22:15:25.36 |
-47:28:19.7 |
HIP 109670 |
25.18 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 |
22:15:30.93 |
-47:27:56.1 |
HIP 109670 |
26.03 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 |
22:15:36.52 |
-47:27:32.7 |
HIP 109670 |
26.90 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 |
22:15:42.12 |
-47:27:09.5 |
HIP 109670 |
27.78 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 |
22:15:47.73 |
-47:26:46.6 |
HIP 109670 |
28.67 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 |
22:15:53.35 |
-47:26:24.0 |
HIP 109670 |
29.57 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 |
22:15:58.99 |
-47:26:01.6 |
HIP 109670 |
30.48 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 |
22:16:04.64 |
-47:25:39.6 |
HIP 109670 |
31.40 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 |
22:16:10.30 |
-47:25:17.8 |
HIP 109670 |
32.33 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 |
22:16:15.97 |
-47:24:56.2 |
HIP 109670 |
33.27 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 |
22:16:21.65 |
-47:24:35.0 |
HIP 109670 |
34.22 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 |
22:16:27.34 |
-47:24:14.0 |
HIP 109670 |
35.17 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 |
22:16:33.04 |
-47:23:53.3 |
HIP 109670 |
36.13 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 |
22:16:38.75 |
-47:23:32.9 |
HIP 109670 |
37.09 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 |
22:16:44.47 |
-47:23:12.7 |
HIP 109670 |
38.06 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 |
22:16:50.20 |
-47:22:52.9 |
HIP 109670 |
39.03 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 |
22:16:55.94 |
-47:22:33.3 |
HIP 109885 |
39.46 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 |
22:17:01.68 |
-47:22:14.1 |
HIP 109885 |
39.59 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 |
22:17:07.43 |
-47:21:55.1 |
HIP 109885 |
39.75 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 |
22:17:13.19 |
-47:21:36.4 |
HIP 109885 |
39.94 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 |
22:17:18.95 |
-47:21:18.0 |
HIP 109885 |
40.16 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 |
22:17:24.73 |
-47:21:00.0 |
HIP 109885 |
40.41 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 |
22:17:30.50 |
-47:20:42.1 |
HIP 110366 |
40.13 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 |
22:17:36.28 |
-47:20:24.6 |
HIP 110366 |
39.33 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 |
22:17:42.07 |
-47:20:07.4 |
HIP 110366 |
38.53 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 |
22:17:47.86 |
-47:19:50.5 |
HIP 110366 |
37.73 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 |
22:17:53.66 |
-47:19:34.0 |
HIP 110366 |
36.95 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 |
22:17:59.46 |
-47:19:17.7 |
HIP 110366 |
36.18 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 |
22:18:05.26 |
-47:19:01.7 |
HIP 110366 |
35.41 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 |
22:18:11.07 |
-47:18:46.1 |
HIP 110366 |
34.66 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 |
22:18:16.87 |
-47:18:30.7 |
HIP 110366 |
33.91 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 |
22:18:22.68 |
-47:18:15.7 |
HIP 110366 |
33.18 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 |
22:18:28.50 |
-47:18:01.0 |
HIP 110366 |
32.46 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 |
22:18:34.31 |
-47:17:46.5 |
HIP 110366 |
31.75 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 |
22:18:40.12 |
-47:17:32.5 |
HIP 110366 |
31.05 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 |
22:18:45.94 |
-47:17:18.7 |
HIP 110366 |
30.37 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 |
22:18:51.75 |
-47:17:05.3 |
HIP 110366 |
29.71 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 |
22:18:57.56 |
-47:16:52.1 |
HIP 110366 |
29.06 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 |
22:19:03.37 |
-47:16:39.3 |
HIP 110366 |
28.43 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 |
22:19:09.19 |
-47:16:26.8 |
HIP 110366 |
27.81 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 |
22:19:14.99 |
-47:16:14.7 |
HIP 110366 |
27.22 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 |
22:19:20.80 |
-47:16:02.9 |
HIP 110366 |
26.65 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 |
22:19:26.61 |
-47:15:51.4 |
HIP 110366 |
26.10 |