C/2002 X5 (Kudo-Fujikawa)
Metadata
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Designation | C/2002 X5 (Kudo-Fujikawa) |
| Type | C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) | 2003-01-29T00:03:18.599040Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) | 2021-04-15T23:30:24Z |
| Obs used | 514 |
| NEO | - |
| M1 | 10.600 |
| K1 | 11.500 |
| PC | 0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) | 2003-01-20.0000000 |
| e | 0.99984090 |
| q (au) | 0.189934 |
| a (au) | 1193.800858 |
| i (deg) | 94.152279 |
| Ω (om, deg) | 119.065024 |
| ω (w, deg) | 187.584474 |
| M (ma, deg) | 359.999785 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$ M_a = (7.886 + 4.159\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$
Model Parameters
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| H0 | 7.886 |
| n | 4.159 |
| gf | 1.000 |
| gb | -0.998 |
| k | 1.000 |
| δ90 | 10.000 |
| Parameter | Symbol | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth | H0 | -5 to 20 | Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter | n | 2 to 6 | Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor | gf |
0.8 to 1 | Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor | gb |
-1 to -0.5 | Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient | k | 0.8 to 1 | Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio | δ90 | 1 to 10 | Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | a | b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002-12-14 | 2002-12-23 | +17.1755 | -0.401 |
| 2002-12-23 | 2002-12-31 | -8.3536 | +0.041 |
| 2002-12-31 | 2003-01-19 | -3.8086 | -0.506 |
| 2003-02-07 | 2003-02-20 | -3.1913 | +0.699 |
| 2003-02-20 | 2003-02-24 | -29.1039 | -2.181 |
| 2003-02-24 | 2003-03-02 | +18.6170 | +1.611 |
| 2003-03-02 | 2003-03-18 | -14.6739 | +1.398 |
| 2003-03-18 | 2003-03-31 | +9.9904 | -0.561 |
| 2003-03-31 | 2003-04-22 | +51.1494 | -8.099 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) | RA (J2000) | Dec (J2000) | Nearest HIP | Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-02-03 00:00 | 08:03:31.97 | +20:39:41.3 | HIP 39428 | 19.38 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 | 08:03:29.25 | +20:39:49.8 | HIP 39428 | 19.55 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 | 08:03:26.53 | +20:39:58.3 | HIP 39428 | 19.74 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 | 08:03:23.82 | +20:40:06.7 | HIP 39428 | 19.94 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 | 08:03:21.12 | +20:40:15.1 | HIP 39428 | 20.17 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 | 08:03:18.42 | +20:40:23.5 | HIP 39428 | 20.41 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 | 08:03:15.73 | +20:40:31.8 | HIP 39428 | 20.67 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 | 08:03:13.05 | +20:40:40.2 | HIP 39428 | 20.94 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 | 08:03:10.38 | +20:40:48.5 | HIP 39428 | 21.23 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 | 08:03:07.72 | +20:40:56.7 | HIP 39428 | 21.54 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 | 08:03:05.06 | +20:41:05.0 | HIP 39428 | 21.85 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 | 08:03:02.42 | +20:41:13.2 | HIP 39428 | 22.18 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 | 08:02:59.78 | +20:41:21.4 | HIP 39428 | 22.52 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 | 08:02:57.16 | +20:41:29.5 | HIP 39260 | 22.84 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 | 08:02:54.54 | +20:41:37.6 | HIP 39260 | 22.46 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 | 08:02:51.93 | +20:41:45.7 | HIP 39260 | 22.09 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 | 08:02:49.33 | +20:41:53.8 | HIP 39260 | 21.74 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 | 08:02:46.74 | +20:42:01.8 | HIP 39260 | 21.40 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 | 08:02:44.17 | +20:42:09.8 | HIP 39260 | 21.08 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 | 08:02:41.60 | +20:42:17.7 | HIP 39260 | 20.77 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 | 08:02:39.04 | +20:42:25.6 | HIP 39260 | 20.48 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 | 08:02:36.50 | +20:42:33.5 | HIP 39260 | 20.20 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 | 08:02:33.96 | +20:42:41.3 | HIP 39260 | 19.93 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 | 08:02:31.44 | +20:42:49.1 | HIP 39260 | 19.69 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 | 08:02:28.93 | +20:42:56.9 | HIP 39260 | 19.46 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 | 08:02:26.43 | +20:43:04.6 | HIP 39260 | 19.24 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 | 08:02:23.95 | +20:43:12.3 | HIP 39260 | 19.05 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 | 08:02:21.47 | +20:43:20.0 | HIP 39260 | 18.87 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 | 08:02:19.01 | +20:43:27.6 | HIP 39260 | 18.71 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 | 08:02:16.56 | +20:43:35.2 | HIP 39260 | 18.57 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 | 08:02:14.12 | +20:43:42.7 | HIP 39260 | 18.44 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 | 08:02:11.70 | +20:43:50.2 | HIP 39260 | 18.34 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 | 08:02:09.29 | +20:43:57.6 | HIP 39260 | 18.25 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 | 08:02:06.90 | +20:44:05.0 | HIP 39260 | 18.18 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 | 08:02:04.51 | +20:44:12.4 | HIP 39260 | 18.13 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 | 08:02:02.14 | +20:44:19.7 | HIP 39260 | 18.10 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 | 08:01:59.79 | +20:44:26.9 | HIP 39260 | 18.08 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 | 08:01:57.45 | +20:44:34.2 | HIP 39260 | 18.08 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 | 08:01:55.12 | +20:44:41.3 | HIP 39260 | 18.10 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 | 08:01:52.81 | +20:44:48.5 | HIP 39260 | 18.14 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 | 08:01:50.52 | +20:44:55.6 | HIP 39260 | 18.19 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 | 08:01:48.24 | +20:45:02.6 | HIP 39260 | 18.26 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 | 08:01:45.97 | +20:45:09.6 | HIP 39260 | 18.34 |