| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1999 S3 (LINEAR) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
1999-11-09T00:22:32.453760Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:30:01Z |
| Obs used |
638 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
4.800 |
| K1 |
29.250 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1999-10-24.0000000 |
| e |
0.89996276 |
| q (au) |
1.894944 |
| a (au) |
18.942389 |
| i (deg) |
70.560909 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
11.878195 |
| ω (w, deg) |
44.128165 |
| M (ma, deg) |
359.808532 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (7.393 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
7.393 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.998 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-05-12 00:00 |
12:26:50.21 |
-41:05:59.1 |
HIP 60630 |
20.90 |
| 2026-05-12 12:00 |
12:26:46.93 |
-41:05:26.6 |
HIP 60630 |
20.08 |
| 2026-05-13 00:00 |
12:26:43.68 |
-41:04:54.0 |
HIP 60630 |
19.27 |
| 2026-05-13 12:00 |
12:26:40.45 |
-41:04:21.3 |
HIP 60630 |
18.45 |
| 2026-05-14 00:00 |
12:26:37.26 |
-41:03:48.5 |
HIP 60630 |
17.64 |
| 2026-05-14 12:00 |
12:26:34.09 |
-41:03:15.5 |
HIP 60630 |
16.83 |
| 2026-05-15 00:00 |
12:26:30.95 |
-41:02:42.5 |
HIP 60630 |
16.03 |
| 2026-05-15 12:00 |
12:26:27.84 |
-41:02:09.5 |
HIP 60630 |
15.23 |
| 2026-05-16 00:00 |
12:26:24.76 |
-41:01:36.3 |
HIP 60630 |
14.43 |
| 2026-05-16 12:00 |
12:26:21.71 |
-41:01:03.0 |
HIP 60630 |
13.63 |
| 2026-05-17 00:00 |
12:26:18.70 |
-41:00:29.7 |
HIP 60630 |
12.83 |
| 2026-05-17 12:00 |
12:26:15.71 |
-40:59:56.2 |
HIP 60630 |
12.04 |
| 2026-05-18 00:00 |
12:26:12.75 |
-40:59:22.7 |
HIP 60630 |
11.26 |
| 2026-05-18 12:00 |
12:26:09.82 |
-40:58:49.2 |
HIP 60630 |
10.47 |
| 2026-05-19 00:00 |
12:26:06.92 |
-40:58:15.5 |
HIP 60630 |
9.69 |
| 2026-05-19 12:00 |
12:26:04.05 |
-40:57:41.8 |
HIP 60630 |
8.91 |
| 2026-05-20 00:00 |
12:26:01.22 |
-40:57:08.0 |
HIP 60630 |
8.13 |
| 2026-05-20 12:00 |
12:25:58.41 |
-40:56:34.2 |
HIP 60630 |
7.36 |
| 2026-05-21 00:00 |
12:25:55.64 |
-40:56:00.3 |
HIP 60630 |
6.59 |
| 2026-05-21 12:00 |
12:25:52.90 |
-40:55:26.4 |
HIP 60630 |
5.83 |
| 2026-05-22 00:00 |
12:25:50.19 |
-40:54:52.4 |
HIP 60630 |
5.07 |
| 2026-05-22 12:00 |
12:25:47.51 |
-40:54:18.4 |
HIP 60630 |
4.31 |
| 2026-05-23 00:00 |
12:25:44.87 |
-40:53:44.3 |
HIP 60630 |
3.55 |
| 2026-05-23 12:00 |
12:25:42.26 |
-40:53:10.2 |
HIP 60630 |
2.80 |
| 2026-05-24 00:00 |
12:25:39.68 |
-40:52:36.0 |
HIP 60630 |
2.06 |
| 2026-05-24 12:00 |
12:25:37.13 |
-40:52:01.8 |
HIP 60630 |
1.32 |
| 2026-05-25 00:00 |
12:25:34.61 |
-40:51:27.6 |
HIP 60630 |
0.59 |
| 2026-05-25 12:00 |
12:25:32.13 |
-40:50:53.4 |
HIP 60630 |
0.27 |
| 2026-05-26 00:00 |
12:25:29.68 |
-40:50:19.1 |
HIP 60630 |
0.93 |
| 2026-05-26 12:00 |
12:25:27.27 |
-40:49:44.8 |
HIP 60630 |
1.66 |
| 2026-05-27 00:00 |
12:25:24.88 |
-40:49:10.5 |
HIP 60630 |
2.38 |
| 2026-05-27 12:00 |
12:25:22.53 |
-40:48:36.1 |
HIP 60630 |
3.10 |
| 2026-05-28 00:00 |
12:25:20.22 |
-40:48:01.8 |
HIP 60630 |
3.82 |
| 2026-05-28 12:00 |
12:25:17.94 |
-40:47:27.4 |
HIP 60630 |
4.54 |
| 2026-05-29 00:00 |
12:25:15.69 |
-40:46:53.0 |
HIP 60630 |
5.25 |
| 2026-05-29 12:00 |
12:25:13.47 |
-40:46:18.7 |
HIP 60630 |
5.96 |
| 2026-05-30 00:00 |
12:25:11.29 |
-40:45:44.3 |
HIP 60563 |
6.46 |
| 2026-05-30 12:00 |
12:25:09.14 |
-40:45:09.9 |
HIP 60563 |
5.76 |
| 2026-05-31 00:00 |
12:25:07.03 |
-40:44:35.5 |
HIP 60563 |
5.06 |
| 2026-05-31 12:00 |
12:25:04.95 |
-40:44:01.1 |
HIP 60563 |
4.36 |
| 2026-06-01 00:00 |
12:25:02.91 |
-40:43:26.8 |
HIP 60563 |
3.67 |
| 2026-06-01 12:00 |
12:25:00.90 |
-40:42:52.4 |
HIP 60563 |
2.99 |
| 2026-06-02 00:00 |
12:24:58.92 |
-40:42:18.1 |
HIP 60563 |
2.31 |