C/1999 L3 (LINEAR)
| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1999 L3 (LINEAR) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2000-01-04T21:48:00.221760Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:30:00Z |
| Obs used |
340 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
8.300 |
| K1 |
15.250 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1999-12-24.0000000 |
| e |
0.97436453 |
| q (au) |
1.988918 |
| a (au) |
77.584594 |
| i (deg) |
166.099275 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
140.161317 |
| ω (w, deg) |
353.297874 |
| M (ma, deg) |
359.982825 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (6.988 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
6.988 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.905 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) |
End (UTC) |
a |
b |
| 1999-06-09 |
2000-01-04 |
+8.4713 |
-3.326 |
| 2000-01-05 |
2000-04-23 |
-5.4078 |
+1.574 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-02-03 00:00 |
23:00:00.43 |
+00:16:30.2 |
HIP 113610 |
10.79 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 |
23:00:02.46 |
+00:16:40.1 |
HIP 113610 |
10.43 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 |
23:00:04.50 |
+00:16:50.0 |
HIP 113610 |
10.10 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 |
23:00:06.55 |
+00:17:00.1 |
HIP 113610 |
9.78 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 |
23:00:08.61 |
+00:17:10.2 |
HIP 113610 |
9.48 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 |
23:00:10.67 |
+00:17:20.5 |
HIP 113610 |
9.20 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 |
23:00:12.75 |
+00:17:30.8 |
HIP 113610 |
8.94 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 |
23:00:14.84 |
+00:17:41.2 |
HIP 113610 |
8.71 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 |
23:00:16.94 |
+00:17:51.7 |
HIP 113610 |
8.51 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 |
23:00:19.04 |
+00:18:02.3 |
HIP 113610 |
8.34 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 |
23:00:21.16 |
+00:18:13.0 |
HIP 113610 |
8.21 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 |
23:00:23.28 |
+00:18:23.8 |
HIP 113610 |
8.11 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 |
23:00:25.41 |
+00:18:34.7 |
HIP 113610 |
8.06 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 |
23:00:27.55 |
+00:18:45.7 |
HIP 113610 |
8.04 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 |
23:00:29.70 |
+00:18:56.7 |
HIP 113610 |
8.06 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 |
23:00:31.85 |
+00:19:07.8 |
HIP 113610 |
8.12 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 |
23:00:34.01 |
+00:19:19.1 |
HIP 113610 |
8.22 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 |
23:00:36.18 |
+00:19:30.4 |
HIP 113610 |
8.37 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 |
23:00:38.36 |
+00:19:41.8 |
HIP 113610 |
8.55 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 |
23:00:40.55 |
+00:19:53.3 |
HIP 113610 |
8.76 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 |
23:00:42.74 |
+00:20:04.8 |
HIP 113610 |
9.01 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 |
23:00:44.94 |
+00:20:16.5 |
HIP 113610 |
9.29 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 |
23:00:47.15 |
+00:20:28.2 |
HIP 113610 |
9.60 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 |
23:00:49.36 |
+00:20:40.0 |
HIP 113610 |
9.94 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 |
23:00:51.58 |
+00:20:51.9 |
HIP 113610 |
10.30 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 |
23:00:53.80 |
+00:21:03.8 |
HIP 113610 |
10.68 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 |
23:00:56.03 |
+00:21:15.8 |
HIP 113610 |
11.09 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 |
23:00:58.27 |
+00:21:28.0 |
HIP 113610 |
11.51 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 |
23:01:00.51 |
+00:21:40.1 |
HIP 113610 |
11.94 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 |
23:01:02.76 |
+00:21:52.4 |
HIP 113610 |
12.40 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 |
23:01:05.02 |
+00:22:04.7 |
HIP 113610 |
12.86 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 |
23:01:07.27 |
+00:22:17.1 |
HIP 113610 |
13.34 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 |
23:01:09.54 |
+00:22:29.6 |
HIP 113737 |
13.48 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 |
23:01:11.81 |
+00:22:42.1 |
HIP 113737 |
12.89 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 |
23:01:14.08 |
+00:22:54.7 |
HIP 113737 |
12.31 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 |
23:01:16.36 |
+00:23:07.4 |
HIP 113737 |
11.73 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 |
23:01:18.64 |
+00:23:20.1 |
HIP 113737 |
11.14 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 |
23:01:20.92 |
+00:23:32.9 |
HIP 113737 |
10.56 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 |
23:01:23.21 |
+00:23:45.8 |
HIP 113737 |
9.99 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 |
23:01:25.50 |
+00:23:58.7 |
HIP 113737 |
9.41 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 |
23:01:27.80 |
+00:24:11.7 |
HIP 113737 |
8.84 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 |
23:01:30.10 |
+00:24:24.7 |
HIP 113737 |
8.28 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 |
23:01:32.40 |
+00:24:37.8 |
HIP 113737 |
7.72 |