C/1999 K8 (LINEAR)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/1999 K8 (LINEAR)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2000-04-24T06:58:48.679680Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-04-15T23:30:00Z
Obs used 610
NEO -
M1 9.400
K1 5.500
PC -
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2000-03-20.0000000
e 1.00071246
q (au) 4.200554
a (au) -5895.868027
i (deg) 52.733975
Ω (om, deg) 195.394218
ω (w, deg) 164.619681
M (ma, deg) -0.000077

Magnitude

C/1999 K8 (LINEAR) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (5.474 + 3.588\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 5.474
n 3.588
gf 0.999
gb -0.502
k 1.000
δ90 10.000
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
1998-08-19 2000-02-01 +9.8022 -7.106
2000-05-28 2001-08-18 +4.3226 -3.002
2001-08-18 2003-03-07 -5.0352 +4.588

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-03-26 00:00 09:37:57.11 -27:15:41.7 HIP 47180 28.11
2026-03-26 12:00 09:37:55.21 -27:15:16.1 HIP 47180 27.53
2026-03-27 00:00 09:37:53.32 -27:14:50.5 HIP 47180 26.95
2026-03-27 12:00 09:37:51.45 -27:14:24.7 HIP 47180 26.37
2026-03-28 00:00 09:37:49.61 -27:13:58.8 HIP 47180 25.79
2026-03-28 12:00 09:37:47.78 -27:13:32.9 HIP 47180 25.22
2026-03-29 00:00 09:37:45.96 -27:13:06.8 HIP 47180 24.64
2026-03-29 12:00 09:37:44.17 -27:12:40.7 HIP 47180 24.07
2026-03-30 00:00 09:37:42.39 -27:12:14.4 HIP 47180 23.50
2026-03-30 12:00 09:37:40.63 -27:11:48.1 HIP 47180 22.93
2026-03-31 00:00 09:37:38.89 -27:11:21.7 HIP 47180 22.36
2026-03-31 12:00 09:37:37.17 -27:10:55.2 HIP 47180 21.79
2026-04-01 00:00 09:37:35.47 -27:10:28.6 HIP 47180 21.22
2026-04-01 12:00 09:37:33.79 -27:10:01.9 HIP 47180 20.66
2026-04-02 00:00 09:37:32.12 -27:09:35.2 HIP 47180 20.09
2026-04-02 12:00 09:37:30.48 -27:09:08.4 HIP 47180 19.53
2026-04-03 00:00 09:37:28.85 -27:08:41.5 HIP 47180 18.97
2026-04-03 12:00 09:37:27.24 -27:08:14.5 HIP 47180 18.42
2026-04-04 00:00 09:37:25.66 -27:07:47.5 HIP 47180 17.86
2026-04-04 12:00 09:37:24.09 -27:07:20.4 HIP 47180 17.31
2026-04-05 00:00 09:37:22.54 -27:06:53.2 HIP 47180 16.75
2026-04-05 12:00 09:37:21.01 -27:06:26.0 HIP 47180 16.20
2026-04-06 00:00 09:37:19.50 -27:05:58.7 HIP 47180 15.65
2026-04-06 12:00 09:37:18.01 -27:05:31.3 HIP 47180 15.11
2026-04-07 00:00 09:37:16.54 -27:05:03.9 HIP 47180 14.56
2026-04-07 12:00 09:37:15.09 -27:04:36.4 HIP 47180 14.02
2026-04-08 00:00 09:37:13.67 -27:04:08.9 HIP 47180 13.48
2026-04-08 12:00 09:37:12.26 -27:03:41.3 HIP 47180 12.94
2026-04-09 00:00 09:37:10.87 -27:03:13.7 HIP 47180 12.40
2026-04-09 12:00 09:37:09.50 -27:02:46.0 HIP 47180 11.87
2026-04-10 00:00 09:37:08.16 -27:02:18.3 HIP 47180 11.34
2026-04-10 12:00 09:37:06.83 -27:01:50.5 HIP 47180 10.81
2026-04-11 00:00 09:37:05.53 -27:01:22.7 HIP 47180 10.28
2026-04-11 12:00 09:37:04.24 -27:00:54.9 HIP 47180 9.76
2026-04-12 00:00 09:37:02.98 -27:00:27.0 HIP 47180 9.24
2026-04-12 12:00 09:37:01.74 -26:59:59.1 HIP 47180 8.72
2026-04-13 00:00 09:37:00.52 -26:59:31.1 HIP 47180 8.21
2026-04-13 12:00 09:36:59.32 -26:59:03.2 HIP 47180 7.70
2026-04-14 00:00 09:36:58.15 -26:58:35.1 HIP 47180 7.19
2026-04-14 12:00 09:36:56.99 -26:58:07.1 HIP 47180 6.69
2026-04-15 00:00 09:36:55.86 -26:57:39.0 HIP 47180 6.20
2026-04-15 12:00 09:36:54.75 -26:57:11.0 HIP 47180 5.71
2026-04-16 00:00 09:36:53.66 -26:56:42.9 HIP 47180 5.23