C/1992 N1 (Machholz)
| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1992 N1 (Machholz) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
1992-07-10T15:35:32.516160Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:29:44Z |
| Obs used |
9 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
9.700 |
| K1 |
10.000 |
| PC |
- |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1992-07-09.0000000 |
| e |
1.00462488 |
| q (au) |
0.819362 |
| a (au) |
-177.163937 |
| i (deg) |
57.567972 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
235.163990 |
| ω (w, deg) |
162.307854 |
| M (ma, deg) |
-0.000690 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (9.642 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
9.642 |
| n |
2.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-1.000 |
| k |
0.800 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) |
End (UTC) |
a |
b |
| 1992-07-10 |
1992-08-25 |
-17.6244 |
-0.877 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-02-03 00:00 |
13:37:14.94 |
-38:58:55.5 |
HIP 66495 |
8.91 |
| 2026-02-03 12:00 |
13:37:14.25 |
-38:59:06.2 |
HIP 66495 |
9.12 |
| 2026-02-04 00:00 |
13:37:13.55 |
-38:59:16.9 |
HIP 66495 |
9.34 |
| 2026-02-04 12:00 |
13:37:12.83 |
-38:59:27.4 |
HIP 66495 |
9.55 |
| 2026-02-05 00:00 |
13:37:12.09 |
-38:59:37.7 |
HIP 66495 |
9.77 |
| 2026-02-05 12:00 |
13:37:11.32 |
-38:59:48.0 |
HIP 66495 |
9.99 |
| 2026-02-06 00:00 |
13:37:10.54 |
-38:59:58.2 |
HIP 66495 |
10.22 |
| 2026-02-06 12:00 |
13:37:09.74 |
-39:00:08.2 |
HIP 66495 |
10.44 |
| 2026-02-07 00:00 |
13:37:08.91 |
-39:00:18.1 |
HIP 66495 |
10.67 |
| 2026-02-07 12:00 |
13:37:08.07 |
-39:00:27.9 |
HIP 66495 |
10.90 |
| 2026-02-08 00:00 |
13:37:07.21 |
-39:00:37.5 |
HIP 66495 |
11.13 |
| 2026-02-08 12:00 |
13:37:06.33 |
-39:00:47.0 |
HIP 66495 |
11.36 |
| 2026-02-09 00:00 |
13:37:05.42 |
-39:00:56.4 |
HIP 66495 |
11.60 |
| 2026-02-09 12:00 |
13:37:04.50 |
-39:01:05.7 |
HIP 66495 |
11.83 |
| 2026-02-10 00:00 |
13:37:03.56 |
-39:01:14.9 |
HIP 66495 |
12.07 |
| 2026-02-10 12:00 |
13:37:02.60 |
-39:01:23.9 |
HIP 66495 |
12.31 |
| 2026-02-11 00:00 |
13:37:01.62 |
-39:01:32.8 |
HIP 66495 |
12.55 |
| 2026-02-11 12:00 |
13:37:00.62 |
-39:01:41.5 |
HIP 66495 |
12.79 |
| 2026-02-12 00:00 |
13:36:59.60 |
-39:01:50.2 |
HIP 66495 |
13.04 |
| 2026-02-12 12:00 |
13:36:58.56 |
-39:01:58.7 |
HIP 66495 |
13.29 |
| 2026-02-13 00:00 |
13:36:57.51 |
-39:02:07.0 |
HIP 66495 |
13.53 |
| 2026-02-13 12:00 |
13:36:56.43 |
-39:02:15.3 |
HIP 66495 |
13.78 |
| 2026-02-14 00:00 |
13:36:55.33 |
-39:02:23.4 |
HIP 66495 |
14.03 |
| 2026-02-14 12:00 |
13:36:54.22 |
-39:02:31.3 |
HIP 66495 |
14.29 |
| 2026-02-15 00:00 |
13:36:53.09 |
-39:02:39.2 |
HIP 66495 |
14.54 |
| 2026-02-15 12:00 |
13:36:51.94 |
-39:02:46.9 |
HIP 66495 |
14.80 |
| 2026-02-16 00:00 |
13:36:50.76 |
-39:02:54.4 |
HIP 66495 |
15.05 |
| 2026-02-16 12:00 |
13:36:49.58 |
-39:03:01.8 |
HIP 66495 |
15.31 |
| 2026-02-17 00:00 |
13:36:48.37 |
-39:03:09.1 |
HIP 66495 |
15.57 |
| 2026-02-17 12:00 |
13:36:47.14 |
-39:03:16.3 |
HIP 66495 |
15.83 |
| 2026-02-18 00:00 |
13:36:45.90 |
-39:03:23.3 |
HIP 66495 |
16.10 |
| 2026-02-18 12:00 |
13:36:44.64 |
-39:03:30.1 |
HIP 66495 |
16.36 |
| 2026-02-19 00:00 |
13:36:43.36 |
-39:03:36.8 |
HIP 66495 |
16.63 |
| 2026-02-19 12:00 |
13:36:42.06 |
-39:03:43.4 |
HIP 66495 |
16.90 |
| 2026-02-20 00:00 |
13:36:40.74 |
-39:03:49.9 |
HIP 66495 |
17.17 |
| 2026-02-20 12:00 |
13:36:39.41 |
-39:03:56.2 |
HIP 66495 |
17.44 |
| 2026-02-21 00:00 |
13:36:38.06 |
-39:04:02.3 |
HIP 66495 |
17.71 |
| 2026-02-21 12:00 |
13:36:36.69 |
-39:04:08.3 |
HIP 66495 |
17.99 |
| 2026-02-22 00:00 |
13:36:35.30 |
-39:04:14.2 |
HIP 66495 |
18.26 |
| 2026-02-22 12:00 |
13:36:33.90 |
-39:04:19.9 |
HIP 66495 |
18.54 |
| 2026-02-23 00:00 |
13:36:32.48 |
-39:04:25.5 |
HIP 66495 |
18.82 |
| 2026-02-23 12:00 |
13:36:31.04 |
-39:04:30.9 |
HIP 66495 |
19.10 |
| 2026-02-24 00:00 |
13:36:29.59 |
-39:04:36.2 |
HIP 66495 |
19.39 |