| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
178P/Hug-Bell |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2013-07-23T00:23:50.688960Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2024-08-25T21:12:14Z |
| Obs used |
1037 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
13.200 |
| K1 |
11.250 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2012-11-23.0000000 |
| e |
0.47299053 |
| q (au) |
1.933838 |
| a (au) |
3.669456 |
| i (deg) |
10.975306 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
103.574883 |
| ω (w, deg) |
296.946648 |
| M (ma, deg) |
326.065091 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (12.018 + 4.996\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
12.018 |
| n |
4.996 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.833 |
| k |
0.999 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-03-26 00:00 |
19:47:02.23 |
-20:40:43.9 |
HIP 97417 |
21.49 |
| 2026-03-26 12:00 |
19:47:29.60 |
-20:40:10.9 |
HIP 97417 |
18.67 |
| 2026-03-27 00:00 |
19:47:56.85 |
-20:39:38.2 |
HIP 97417 |
17.83 |
| 2026-03-27 12:00 |
19:48:23.96 |
-20:39:05.6 |
HIP 97522 |
12.75 |
| 2026-03-28 00:00 |
19:48:50.94 |
-20:38:33.3 |
HIP 97522 |
7.50 |
| 2026-03-28 12:00 |
19:49:17.79 |
-20:38:01.3 |
HIP 97522 |
5.50 |
| 2026-03-29 00:00 |
19:49:44.51 |
-20:37:29.5 |
HIP 97559 |
7.26 |
| 2026-03-29 12:00 |
19:50:11.09 |
-20:36:57.9 |
HIP 97559 |
9.92 |
| 2026-03-30 00:00 |
19:50:37.54 |
-20:36:26.6 |
HIP 97559 |
14.87 |
| 2026-03-30 12:00 |
19:51:03.85 |
-20:35:55.6 |
HIP 97559 |
20.48 |
| 2026-03-31 00:00 |
19:51:30.02 |
-20:35:24.9 |
HIP 97559 |
26.32 |
| 2026-03-31 12:00 |
19:51:56.06 |
-20:34:54.5 |
HIP 97899 |
28.28 |
| 2026-04-01 00:00 |
19:52:21.95 |
-20:34:24.4 |
HIP 97899 |
22.77 |
| 2026-04-01 12:00 |
19:52:47.71 |
-20:33:54.7 |
HIP 97899 |
17.66 |
| 2026-04-02 00:00 |
19:53:13.32 |
-20:33:25.2 |
HIP 97899 |
13.40 |
| 2026-04-02 12:00 |
19:53:38.79 |
-20:32:56.1 |
HIP 97899 |
10.95 |
| 2026-04-03 00:00 |
19:54:04.12 |
-20:32:27.3 |
HIP 97899 |
11.47 |
| 2026-04-03 12:00 |
19:54:29.30 |
-20:31:58.9 |
HIP 97899 |
14.62 |
| 2026-04-04 00:00 |
19:54:54.33 |
-20:31:30.8 |
HIP 98084 |
15.78 |
| 2026-04-04 12:00 |
19:55:19.22 |
-20:31:03.1 |
HIP 98084 |
9.95 |
| 2026-04-05 00:00 |
19:55:43.95 |
-20:30:35.8 |
HIP 98084 |
4.18 |
| 2026-04-05 12:00 |
19:56:08.54 |
-20:30:08.8 |
HIP 98084 |
1.84 |
| 2026-04-06 00:00 |
19:56:32.98 |
-20:29:42.3 |
HIP 98140 |
2.51 |
| 2026-04-06 12:00 |
19:56:57.26 |
-20:29:16.2 |
HIP 98140 |
3.47 |
| 2026-04-07 00:00 |
19:57:21.39 |
-20:28:50.5 |
HIP 98140 |
9.07 |
| 2026-04-07 12:00 |
19:57:45.37 |
-20:28:25.2 |
HIP 98140 |
14.68 |
| 2026-04-08 00:00 |
19:58:09.18 |
-20:28:00.4 |
HIP 98140 |
20.27 |
| 2026-04-08 12:00 |
19:58:32.84 |
-20:27:36.0 |
HIP 98413 |
22.76 |
| 2026-04-09 00:00 |
19:58:56.34 |
-20:27:12.1 |
HIP 98413 |
18.65 |
| 2026-04-09 12:00 |
19:59:19.68 |
-20:26:48.6 |
HIP 98413 |
15.47 |
| 2026-04-10 00:00 |
19:59:42.86 |
-20:26:25.6 |
HIP 98413 |
13.83 |
| 2026-04-10 12:00 |
20:00:05.87 |
-20:26:03.2 |
HIP 98413 |
14.22 |
| 2026-04-11 00:00 |
20:00:28.72 |
-20:25:41.2 |
HIP 98413 |
16.47 |
| 2026-04-11 12:00 |
20:00:51.40 |
-20:25:19.7 |
HIP 98413 |
19.93 |
| 2026-04-12 00:00 |
20:01:13.91 |
-20:24:58.8 |
HIP 98413 |
24.05 |
| 2026-04-12 12:00 |
20:01:36.26 |
-20:24:38.4 |
HIP 98413 |
28.52 |
| 2026-04-13 00:00 |
20:01:58.43 |
-20:24:18.5 |
HIP 98413 |
33.19 |
| 2026-04-13 12:00 |
20:02:20.43 |
-20:23:59.2 |
HIP 98875 |
35.02 |
| 2026-04-14 00:00 |
20:02:42.26 |
-20:23:40.5 |
HIP 98875 |
30.16 |
| 2026-04-14 12:00 |
20:03:03.91 |
-20:23:22.3 |
HIP 98875 |
25.43 |
| 2026-04-15 00:00 |
20:03:25.39 |
-20:23:04.8 |
HIP 98875 |
20.89 |
| 2026-04-15 12:00 |
20:03:46.68 |
-20:22:47.8 |
HIP 98875 |
16.68 |
| 2026-04-16 00:00 |
20:04:07.80 |
-20:22:31.5 |
HIP 98875 |
13.06 |